ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Progress in Xenotransplantation: Immunologic Barriers, Advances in Gene Editing, and Successful Tolerance Induction Strategies in Pig-To-Primate Transplantation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Future of xenotransplantation in Korea.Clinical transplantation and research · 2026Review
- T cell-mediated immune responses in xenotransplantation: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Human-Mouse Chimerism for Organogenesis Without Neural or Germline Contributions.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Xeno kidney: revolutionizing kidney disease treatment.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Review
- Differences between xenotransplantation and allogeneic kidney transplantation: the current situation and future challenges in Japan.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2025Review
- Reshaping transplantation with AI, emerging technologies and xenotransplantation.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- Current status of xenotransplantation from an immunobiological standpoint.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
- Kidney and Bladder Transplantation: Advances, Barriers, and Emerging Solutions.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Advances in abiotic tissue-based biomaterials: A focus on decellularization and devitalization techniques.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Strategies of Bladder Reconstruction after Partial or Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Immune rejection of human mesenchymal stem cells compared to extracellular vesicles in mice with renal artery stenosis.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Hypothermic machine perfusion prevents hyperacute graft loss in pig-to-primate kidney xenotransplantation after 5-hours of cold Ischemia.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Considering the Risks and Costs of Solid Organ Xenotransplantation.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Surveillance and prevention of infection in clinical xenotransplantation.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Characterizing coagulation responses in humans and nonhuman primates following kidney xenotransplantation-A narrative review.American journal of hematology · 2025Review
- Genetically modified pigs with α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout and beyond: a comprehensive review of xenotransplantation strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Ethics, virtues and xenotransplantation.Perfusion · 2024Review
- Combined islet and kidney xenotransplantation for diabetic nephropathy: an update in ongoing research for a clinically relevant application of porcine islet transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds: a bottleneck in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Biomaterials research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Organ transplantation is the most effective treatment for end stage organ failure, but there are not enough organs to meet burgeoning demand. One potential solution to this organ shortage is xenotransplantation using pig tissues. Decades of progress in xenotransplantation, accelerated by the development of rapid genome editing tools, particularly the advent of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technologies, have enabled remarkable advances in kidney and heart xenotransplantation in pig-to-nonhuman primates. These breakthroughs in large animal preclinical models laid the foundation for three recent pig-to-human transplants by three different groups: two kidney xenografts in brain dead recipients deemed ineligible for transplant, and one heart xenograft in the first clinical grade study of pig-to-human transplantation. However, despite tremendous progress, recent data including the first clinical case suggest that gene-modification alone will not overcome all xenogeneic immunologic barriers, and thus an active and innovative immunologic strategy is required for successful xenotransplantation. This review highlights xenogeneic immunologic barriers, advances in gene editing, and tolerance-inducing strategies in pig-to-human xenotransplantation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.