ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Reliability of Drug History to Verify Androgen Abuse in Men.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of non-medical androgen use: a position statement by the Society for Endocrinology.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Enhanced games and performance-optimized athletes: anticipating the orthopedic challenges, a narrative review.Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica · 2026Review
- Prolonged post-androgen abuse hypogonadism: potential mechanisms and a proposed standardized diagnosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Years After Cessation of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Reliability of Drug History to Verify Androgen Abuse in Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextClinical evaluations that require excluding androgen abuse, a secretive, illicit activity, rely on the drug history, but its veracity for androgen abuse has neither been verified nor has any objective corroborating laboratory test been validated.
objectiveIn a high-risk population, to (a) validate the drug history of androgen abuse objectively using state-of-the-art World Anti-Doping Agency-accredited antidoping laboratory urine mass spectrometry tests and (b) to determine what biochemical tests best distinguish androgen abuse from nonuse in this population.
methodsUrine samples from current (n = 41) and past (n = 31) androgen abusers and nonusers (n = 21) were analyzed by comprehensive mass spectrometry-based detection tests for androgens and related drugs (ARD).
resultsNo prohibited ARDs were identified among nonusers. Current users had a median of 5 (range 1-13) drugs detected comprising 176 ARDs among 220 drug identifications. Past users had a median of 1 (range 0-9) drugs detected comprising 21 ARDs among 43 drugs. Negative predictive value was high (>0.8) for those denying drug usage while positive predictive value was good (>0.6) for both those reporting currently using (current) and not using (nonusers plus past users) ARD. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) alone had high, but imperfect, discriminatory power (89%) to distinguish between current and noncurrent androgen use.
conclusionsWe demonstrates that a negative drug history in a high-risk group has high reliability and that even a single suppressed serum LH exhibits high discrimination for objectively detecting androgen abuse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.