SynthesisScientific reports2022
Smoking and fracture risk in men: a meta-analysis of cohort studies, using both frequentist and Bayesian approaches.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of smoking and fracture risk to update the FRAX® tool.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Pooled it
- Management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rheumatic diseases.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Associations of allergic diseases with incident hospital-recorded osteoporosis and major osteoporotic fracture in older adults: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Combined effects of low temperature, hyperosmolarity and seawater-conditioned pathogens on open fracture healing in a rat model simulating circumpolar environments.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Impaired Bone Mineral Density and Fractures in the First National Dutch Wilms Tumor Survivor Cohort, a National DCCSS-LATER Study.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Adverse effect of smoking on surgical site infection following ankle and calcaneal fracture fixation: a meta-analysis.EFORT open reviews · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of forearm fractures in women and men in Norway 2008-2019.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Article
- The development, incidence and treatment trends of trochanteric fractures in Germany: a cohort study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Past studies indicate that men are more likely to smoke and be at higher risk of smoking-related conditions than women. Our research aimed, through meta-analysis, to assess the association between smoking and fracture risk in men. The following databases were searched, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar, WorldCat, and Open Grey, for identifying related studies. A random-effects model was used to pool the confounder-adjusted relative risk (R.R.). Frequentist and Bayesian hierarchical random-effects models were used for the analysis. The heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated in this study. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, smoking is associated with a significantly increased risk of fracture in both the frequentist approach (R.R., 1.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.22, 1.53) and the Bayesian approach (R.R., 1.36; 95% credible interval: 1.22, 1.54). Significant heterogeneity was observed in the meta-analysis (Higgin's I
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.