ArticleAnnals of diagnostic pathology2022
Histologic, viral, and molecular correlates of heart disease in fatal COVID-19.
Article in Annals of diagnostic pathology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced inflammation underlies proarrhythmia in COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk impact of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and spike protein on cardiac tissue: a comprehensive review.Physiological research · 2024Review
- Atrioventricular and sinus node dysfunction in mild acute COVID-19 disease: a case series.Heart rhythm O2 · 2024Article
- Cardiac SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Involvement of Cytokines in Postmortem Immunohistochemical Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sympathetic remodeling and altered angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 localization occur in patients with cardiac disease but are not exacerbated by severe COVID-19.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2024Article
- Mechanism of COVID-19-Induced Cardiac Damage from Patient, In Vitro and Animal Studies.Current heart failure reports · 2023Review
- 'Spikeopathy': COVID-19 Spike Protein Is Pathogenic, from Both Virus and Vaccine mRNA.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Autoimmune Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Summary for Forensic Practice.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- The amplification of CNS damage in Alzheimer's disease due to SARS-CoV2 infection.Annals of diagnostic pathology · 2022Article
- The Challenge of Long COVID-19 Management: From Disease Molecular Hallmarks to the Proposal of Exercise as Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Histopathological Features of SARS-CoV-2 in Extrapulmonary Organ Infection: A Systematic Review of Literature.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cardiac manifestations are common in severe COVID-19. This study compared the histologic, viral, and molecular findings in cardiac tissue in fatal COVID-19 (n = 11) and controls (n = 11). In situ hybridization (SARS-CoV2 RNA) and immunohistochemistry for viral proteins and the host response were quantified for the samples and compared with qRTPCR and Western blot data. Control hearts showed a high resident population of macrophages that had variable ACE2 expression. Cardiac ACE2 expression was 10× greater in the heart tissues of cases and controls with obesity or type II diabetes. Multifocal endothelial cell swelling and degeneration, perivascular edema plus microvascular thrombi were unique to the cases. SARS-CoV2 RNA and nucleocapsid protein were rarely detected in situ in any COVID-19 heart. However, in each case abundant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was evident. Co-expression experiments showed that the spike protein localized mostly to the ACE2+ interstitial macrophages/pericytes that were activated as evidenced by increased IL6 and TNFα expression. Western blots confirmed the presence of the viral spike protein, but not the nucleocapsid protein, in the cardiac homogenates. The intercalated disc proteins connexin 43, the primary cardiac gap junction protein, and Na
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.