ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2022
Cystatin SN is a potent upstream initiator of epithelial-derived type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of Exosomes in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Extracellular vesicles from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid provide insights into the inhaled corticosteroids treatment response in COPD.Respiratory research · 2025Trial
- Immunohistochemistry and molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori infection and their virulent genes in gastric biopsies.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A nine-gene nicotine-metabolism signature predicts prognosis and characterizes the immune landscape in colon adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Immune-inflammatory endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis: from epithelial alarmins to personalized therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Epithelial Lining Fluid Cystatin SN is a Noninvasive Biomarker for Predicting Type 2 Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Allergy · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood metabolic profiles of chronic rhinosinusitis and their mediating role between obesity and disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Progress in research on predictors of adverse outcomes in patients with nasal inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CST1 promoted gastric cancer development by activating the AKT pathway.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Review
- Evaluation of CNPase and TGFβ1/Smad Signalling Pathway Molecule Expression in Sinus Epithelial Tissues of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without Nasal Polyps (CRSsNP).Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- The functional role of CST1 and CCL26 in asthma development.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Proteomic and serologic assessments of responses to mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines in human recipient sera.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Pathogenic Role of Protease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Type 2 Cystatins and Their Roles in the Regulation of Human Immune Response and Cancer Progression.Cancers · 2023Review
- Epithelial CST1 Promotes Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation in Asthma via the AKT Signaling Pathway.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of asthma and allergic rhinitis reveals CST1 as a biomarker of unified airways.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Tezepelumab Efficacy in Patients with Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma with Comorbid Nasal Polyps in NAVIGATOR.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2023Article
- Network analyses of upper and lower airway transcriptomes identify shared mechanisms among children with recurrent wheezing and school-age asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCystatin SN (CST1) and cystatin SA (CST2) are cysteine protease inhibitors that protect against allergen, viral, and bacterial proteases. Cystatins are overexpressed in the setting of allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP); however, their role in promoting type 2 inflammation remains poorly characterized.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to use integrated poly-omics and a murine exposure model to explore the link between cystatin overexpression in CRSwNP and type 2 inflammation.
methodsIn this institutional review board- and institutional animal care and use committee-approved study, we compared tissue, exosome, and mucus CST1 and CST2 between CRSwNP and controls (n = 10 per group) by using matched whole exome sequencing, transcriptomic, proteomic, posttranslational modification, histologic, functional, and bioinformatic analyses. C57/BL6 mice were dosed with 3.9 μg/mL of CST1 or PBS intranasally for 5 to 18 days in the presence or absence of epithelial ABCB1a knockdown. Inflammatory cytokines were quantified by using Quansys multiplex assays or ELISAs.
resultsOf the 1305 proteins quantified, CST1 and CST2 were among the most overexpressed protease inhibitors in tissue, exosome, and mucus samples; they were localized to the epithelial layer. Multiple posttranslational modifications were identified in the polyp tissue. Exosomal CST1 and CST2 were strongly and significantly correlated with eosinophils and Lund-Mackay scores. Murine type 2 cytokine secretion and T
conclusionCST1 is a potent upstream initiator of epithelial-derived type 2 inflammation in CRSwNP. Therapeutic strategies targeting CST activity and its associated posttranslational modifications deserve further interrogation.
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