Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35659204›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2022

Trends in emergency department visits for mental health disorder diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study 2018-2021.

Majed Ramadan, Alaa M Fallatah, Yara F Batwa, Ziyad Saifaddin, Mohammed S Mirza, Mona Aldabbagh, Noara Alhusseini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Utilization of mental health services during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic - a systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  4. Mental Health Symptom Screening Among Adult Emergency Department Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Majed RamadanKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ramadhanma@ngha.med.sa.ORCID 0000-0001-9838-2155
Alaa M FallatahCollage of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Yara F BatwaKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ziyad SaifaddinForensic Medicical Center, Ministry of health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed S MirzaKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mona AldabbaghKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Noara AlhusseiniCollege of medicine, Alfaisal University, Takhasusi Road, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAs the pandemic started, Saudi Arabia applied extreme measures in responses to the pandemic crises, which have adversely affected individuals' mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe trends in mental health disorder ED visit before and after the pandemic in two medical centers in Saudi Arabia.

methodsA retrospective cohort study using data from electronic health records in the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs' (MNG-HA) in Saudi Arabia. Multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the age and sex differences in mental health disorder ED visits before and during the COVID19 pandemic.

resultsA total of 1117 ED psychiatric visits, a sharp increase in the number of psychiatric ED visits during the pandemic with an average increase of 25.66% was observed. During the pandemic, psychiatric ED visits were significantly higher in females (adjusted AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08, 1.83) than males. During the COVID19 pandemic, generalized anxiety disorder was the most common psychiatric ED disorder with reported increase of visits by 53.34% (p-value 0.005).

conclusionED psychiatric visits have consistently increased before and during the COVID19 pandemic. Interventions for mental health related disorders are urgently needed for preventing mental health problems among females.

Indexed as

COVID-19Emergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansMaleMental HealthPandemicsRetrospective StudiesAnxietyCOVID19DepressionEmergencyMental health disorder

Identifiers

PMID35659204
PMCPMC9164177

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.