ArticleBMC emergency medicine2022
Investigation of stress, anxiety, and depression levels of Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine personnel in eastern Iran during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors associated with mental health symptoms among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in EMRO countries: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of impacts of COVID-19 on depression and anxiety among general populations around the world.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluating CPR training: simulation vs. webinars for Iranian emergency medical technicians during COVID-19.BMC emergency medicine · 2024Trial
- Effect of protocol-based family visitation on physiological indicators in ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Comparison of stress, anxiety, and depression between pre-hospital emergency operational staff and hospital emergency department nurses.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Prevalence and correlates of depression and anxiety among nursing staff in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study from southern Iran.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Sleep, Anxiety, and Depression Among Medical Call Center Staff: Insights from a January 2021 Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Article
- Exploring paramedics' lived experiences in confrontation with patients' death during missions: a phenomenological study.BMC emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Analyzing the status of pre-hospital emergency medical services graduates in Iran during the last two decades.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- The efficacy of phase I cardiac rehabilitation training based on augmented reality on the self-efficacy of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Patient satisfaction with nursing care in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Determining the frequency of burn wound dressing for clinically competent nursing students: establishing standards based on learning curves.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- The trend of change in the role of pre-hospital emergency medical services in Iran's healthcare system: a situational analysis.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on trauma-related emergency medical service in older people: a retrospective cohort study.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Large-scale real-life implementation of technology-enabled care to maximize hospitals' medical surge preparedness during future infectious disease outbreaks and winter seasons: a viewpoint.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Investigation of Psychological Stress and Sleep Quality of Emergency Medical Technicians in Taiwan Fire Department during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPre-hospital emergency medicine (PHEM) personnel are at risk of developing psychological disorders during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress levels of the Iranian PHEM personnel during the Covid-19 pandemic.
methodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 544 PHEM personnel chosen by purposive sampling in North Khorasan, Khorasan-Razavi, South Khorasan, Sistan-Baluchestan, and Kerman provinces in eastern Iran from August to September 2021. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the standardized 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using one-way analysis of variance and linear regression.
resultsThe mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were 8.7 ± 9.2, 7.0 ± 7.8, and 11.6 ± 9.2, respectively. Depression, stress, and anxiety were more prevalent in the age group of 41-55 years, people with master's and higher degrees, people with a history of underlying diseases, and people with over 10 years of work experience(p < 0.05). Depression and stress also showed a significant relationship with the type of employment. Stress alone was also significantly associated with working less than 35 hours a week and living separately from family(p < 0.05).
conclusionsPHEM personnel suffer from significant levels of depression, anxiety, and stress during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, in order to improve the mental condition, it is recommended that the work schedule and services provided to these people be designed in such a way that they have more time for rest and communication with their family members. The personnel should also have easier access to the expert team in the fields of counseling and psychiatry.
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