ArticleJournal of cannabis research2022
Label accuracy of unregulated cannabidiol (CBD) products: measured concentration vs. label claim.
Article in Journal of cannabis research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does a broad-spectrum cannabidiol supplement improve performance in a 10-min cycle ergometer performance-test?European journal of sport science · 2024Trial
- Poorly labeled CBD and related cannabinoid oils marketed in Europe: a hidden risk for consumers? Insights from a long-term study.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Longitudinal neurocognitive trajectories in a large cohort of youth who use cannabis: combining self-report and toxicology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a low-cost spectrophotometric method for cannabidiol (CBD) quantification based on the Beam reaction.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Neurocognitive Trajectories in a Large Cohort of Youth Who Use Cannabis: Combining Self-Report and Toxicology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol Gummy Products: LC-MS/MS Assessment of Cannabinoid Concentrations.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Commercial Cannabidiol for Community-Based Young Adolescents: Predicting Medicinal Use.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Minor Cannabinoid Profile of Unregulated Cannabidiol Products.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Effects of maternal edible THC consumption on offspring lung growth and function in a rhesus macaque model.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Article
- Challenges of cannabidiol determination in emulsified cosmetics and application of solid-phase extraction followed by HPLC-UV-MS/MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Evaluation of cannabidiol-based products in Brazil: how can current regulations influence their labeling quality?Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- In Web We Trust: The Promised Cannabidiol Effects on Obesity as a Matter of Language and Marketing on Webpages.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Parent and caregiver perceptions of cannabidiol products may put children at risk for unintentional exposure.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
- Understanding the online landscape of cannabis discourse: a Twitter analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Patterns of Use and Patient-Reported Effects of Cannabinoids in People With PD: A Nationwide Survey.Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Research and Clinical Practice Involving the Use ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Clinical guidance for cannabidiol-associated hepatotoxicity: A narrative review.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024Review
- Cannabinoid Therapy in Athletics: A Review of Current Cannabis Research to Evaluate Potential Real-World Cannabinoid Applications in Sport.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Updated Risk Assessment of Cannabidiol in Foods Based on Benchmark Dose-Response Modeling.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Introduction to the special issue: the two sides of hemp: medical and industrial.Journal of cannabis research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe legalization of hemp in the USA has led to tremendous growth in the availability of hemp-derived products, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) products. The lack of regulatory oversight in this industry has resulted in the marketing and sale of CBD products with questionable ingredients and quality. The aim of the current study was to examine the CBD content in 80 commercially available hemp-derived CBD products purchased from online and local retailers. Epidiolex® was also included in the study as a positive control.
methodsHemp-derived CBD products were selected to represent products readily available to residents of Central Kentucky. The samples were comprised of local and national brands produced in a variety of locations inside and outside of Kentucky. The products were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the analytical findings were compared to the label claims for CBD content. Descriptive statistics and normal-based confidence intervals were calculated using Microsoft Excel.
resultsThe label claims for CBD content ranged from 7.5 to 60 mg/mL, while LC-MS/MS analysis detected a range of 2.9 to 61.3 mg/mL. Of the 80 products evaluated, 37 contained CBD concentrations that were at least ± 10% different than the concentration listed on the label (range of 0.9 to 30.6 mg/mL from label claim) - 12 products contained < 90%, while 25 products contained > 110%. The degree of concordance for the samples tested using ± 10% tolerance from label claim was 54%.
conclusionsThese data suggest that additional regulation is required to ensure label accuracy as nearly half of the products in this study were not properly labelled (i.e., not within a ± 10% margin of error). Consumers and practitioners should remain cautious of unregulated and often-mislabeled CBD products due to the risks of taking too much CBD (e.g., drug-drug interactions, liver enzyme elevations, increased side effects) and the consequences of taking too little (e.g., no clinical benefits due to underdosing). The results of this study support the continued need for good manufacturing practices and testing standards for CBD products.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.