ArticleBMC palliative care2022
Development of the opioid self-management scale for advanced Cancer patients with pain and examination of its validity and reliability.
Article in BMC palliative care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a tele-nursing system for palliative cancer pain in patients with advanced cancer: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding cancer pain management in Southwest China: a two-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effect of a multidisciplinary nutrition care model integrating health education and individualized nutritional support on physical function and nutritional outcomes in patients with advanced malignant tumors: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApproximately 60% of outpatients with advanced cancer experience pain; therefore, self-management of opioid use is important for appropriate pain relief. To date, no studies have clearly described the concept of opioid self-management or assessed the factors involved, including the improvement of self-management abilities. This study developed, and evaluated the validity and reliability of an opioid self-management scale for advanced cancer patients with pain (OSSA). Opioid self-management in advanced cancer patients with pain was defined as the management of opioid medication performed by patients with advanced cancer to relieve cancer pain on their own.
methodsThree phases were required for validation and reliability of the OSSA: 1) testing content validity, 2) testing face validity, and 3) testing construct validity, concurrent validity and reliability.
resultsAfter a three-phase process, the OSSA consisted of 33 items on six subscales. The structural equation modeling was such that the χ
conclusionThe findings of this study show that the OSSA has acceptable validity and reliability, and that better self-management leads to greater pain relief. The OSSA can be considered effective for use in research, but shortened version should be prepared for realistic and practical clinical use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.