ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2022
Major Adverse Cardiac Events With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Pooled Analysis of Trials Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute-Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Safety of Cadonilimab: A Systematic Review and Single-Arm Meta-Analysis.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of myocarditis: disparities in age, sex and geography.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: clinical and mechanistic insights.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Article
- Effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC with pericardial effusions: a global retrospective multicenter study.The oncologist · 2026Observational
- Cardiotoxicity of monoclonal antibody-based therapies in breast cancer: a contemporary narrative review.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Electrocardiographic changes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated cardiac injury: a narrative review.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026Review
- Utility of echocardiographic parameters in predicting cardiac immune-related adverse events in Japanese patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Journal of echocardiography · 2026Article
- Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Pericarditis, Myocarditis, and Myopericarditis in Patients With Malignancy on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Combining multi-omics analysis methods to identify biomarkers for mitophagy involved in immune checkpoint inhibitors-related myocarditis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Healthcare utilization in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a population-based study of all patients and 1-year survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- A New Era, New Risks: The Cardio-Oncology Perspective on Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Unmasking the Rare but Lethal Cardiac Complications of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Review of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Management Strategies.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular adverse events in patients with lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a nationwide database study.The oncologist · 2025Observational
- Tumor location as a risk factor for severe immune-related adverse events.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Cardio-Oncology and Breast Cancer Therapies.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Melanoma Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2025Article
- Time dependent predictors of cardiac inflammatory adverse events in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Toxicity in Patients Treated for Childhood Cancer: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMajor adverse cardiac events (MACEs) because of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are infrequent immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that comprise a spectrum of cardiac toxicities with variable manifestations. ICI-related MACEs can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, hence the need to better define presentations of MACEs and their association with noncardiac irAEs in ICI-treated patients.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective pooled analysis of MACE captured in the serious adverse events reporting database of the National Cancer Institute-Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program for National Cancer Institute-sponsored investigational clinical trials between June 2015 and December 2019. Patients were eligible if they had been treated with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) alone or with additional anticancer therapies.
resultsA total of 6,925 participants received anti-PD-(L)1-based therapies; 48% (n = 3,354) were treated with single-agent anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. Of 6,925 patients, 0.6% (n = 40) qualified as ICI-related MACE, with 77.5% (n = 31 of 40) being ≥ grade 3. Myocarditis accounted for 45% (n = 18 of 40) of total ICI-MACEs. Concurrent multisystem involvement with other noncardiac irAEs was seen in 65% (n = 26 of 40). Most patients with myocarditis (83%, n = 15 of 18) had one or more noncardiac irAEs associated. Incidence of MACE was higher with anti-PD-(L)1 + targeted therapies compared with anti-PD-(L)1 + anti-cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte-4 combinations (2.1%
conclusionIncreasing patient and prescriber awareness in understanding patterns of ICI-MACE and associated noncardiac irAEs should be emphasized. Better characterization of the risk of MACE with the concurrent use of non-ICI-based anticancer therapies with anti-PD-(L)1 treatments is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.