Trial reportPloS one2022
High HIV incidence among young women in South Africa: Data from a large prospective study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02550067 (A Multi Center, Open-Label, Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing HIV Incidence and Contraceptive Benefits in Women Using Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multi Center, Open-Label, Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing HIV Incidence and Contraceptive Benefits in Women Using Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA), Levonorgestrel (LNG) Implant, and Copper Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combining HIV prevention Options with Mental health service delivery for Adolescent girls and young women (CHOMA): results of a pilot hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- Structural determinants of HIV inequities in South Africa: Policy analysis of the national strategic plan for HIV 2023-2028.Health policy OPEN · 2026Article
- HIV incidence among sexually active young males and females in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.PloS one · 2026Article
- Impact of analytical treatment interruptions on sexual behaviors: a mixed-methods longitudinal study of women enrolled in an HIV cure-related trial in Durban, South Africa.HIV research & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of female caregiver communication and behavior on sexual behavior of South African adolescent girls and young women post-HIV/STI intervention.Children and youth services review · 2025Article
- Cost-effective pricing of long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for adolescent girls and young women in South Africa: a model-based analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- Estimated impact of long-acting injectable PrEP in South Africa: a model comparison analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Review
- Finding knowledge: how youth identify their candidacy and sources of information regarding sexual and reproductive health in rural KwaZulu-Natal. South Africa.BMC public health · 2025Article
- From pregnancy to beyond: renewed emphasis on comprehensive HIV prevention in South Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of an analytical treatment interruption on partners and family members of trial participants in Durban, South Africa: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of technology facilitated and other gender-based violence among adolescent girls in Gqeberha, South Africa and its association with probable common mental disorders.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Talking about PrEP: South African adolescent girls and young women's communication about pre-exposure prophylaxis with partners, parents and peers.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Innovative Interventions among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa: A Protocol Paper.Methods and protocols · 2024Article
- Is HIV epidemic control by 2030 realistic?The lancet. HIV · 2024Review
- Centring the health of women across the HIV research continuum.The lancet. HIV · 2024Review
- Awareness of Heightened Sexual and Behavioral Vulnerability as a Trigger for PrEP Resumption Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in East and Southern Africa.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Perpetuation of household food insecurity during COVID-19 in South Africa.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSouth Africa has the highest national burden of HIV globally. Understanding drivers of HIV acquisition in recently completed, prospective studies in which HIV was an endpoint may help inform the strategy and investments in national HIV prevention efforts and guide the design of future HIV prevention trials. We assessed HIV incidence and correlates of incidence among women enrolled in ECHO (Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes), a large, open-label randomized clinical trial that compared three highly effective. reversible methods of contraception and rates of HIV acquisition.
methodsDuring December 2015 to October 2018, ECHO followed sexually active, HIV-seronegative women, aged 16-35 years, seeking contraceptive services and willing to be randomized to one of three contraceptive methods (intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, copper intrauterine device, or levonorgestrel implant) for 12-18 months at nine sites in South Africa. HIV incidence based on prospectively observed HIV seroconversion events. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to define baseline cofactors related to incident HIV infection.
results5768 women were enrolled and contributed 7647 woman-years of follow-up. The median age was 23 years and 62.5% were ≤24 years. A total of 345 incident HIV infections occurred, an incidence of 4.51 per 100 woman-years (95%CI 4.05-5.01). Incidence was >3 per 100 woman-years at all sites. Age ≤24 years, baseline infection with sexually transmitted infections, BMI≤30, and having new or multiple partners in the three months prior to enrollment were associated with incident HIV.
conclusionsHIV incidence was high among South African women seeking contraceptive services. Integration of diagnostic management of sexually transmitted infections alongside delivery of HIV prevention options in health facilities providing contraception services are needed to mitigate ongoing risks of HIV acquisition for this vulnerable population. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02550067 was the main Clinical Trial from which this secondary, non-randomized / observational analysis was derived with data limited to just South African sites.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.