ReviewBJPsych open2022
Investigating the impact of terrorist attacks on the mental health of emergency responders: systematic review.
Review in BJPsych open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Current evidence and future directions for social and societal resilience factors in response to societal challenges and crises: an overview of systematic reviews and expert rating.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Resilience enhancement interventions for disaster rescue workers: a systematic review.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Qualitative insights into nurses' emotional and functional experiences in the 2023 military humanitarian mission to Turkey.Israel journal of health policy research · 2026Article
- Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Anger Among Police Officers Following a Fatal Knife Attack on a Team Member.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Examining the experiences of prehospital emergency workers in emergency medical intervention during terrorist attacks: a qualitative study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025Article
- Anger and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Firefighters After a Firefighting Operation with Two Team Member Fatalities.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Psychological Impact on Firefighters After the 2022 Amok Attack in Berlin at Tauentzienstraße.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Do environmental degradation and geopolitical risk hinder life expectancy? The role of institutional quality and technological innovation.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- [Impact of Critical Events During Deployments on the Mental Health of Military Personnel].Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder among COVID-19-affected high-risk cardiac patients.International health · 2024Article
- Burnout and moral injuries after foreign deployment among medical personnel of the German armed forces: a pre-post study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Half a Century of Research on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Scientometric Analysis.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Assessment of psychiatrists' preparedness in managing disaster-related psychiatric disorders: a survey in Taiwan from post-graduate medical education perspective.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- A day in the life: psychological impact on emergency responders during the 22 March 2016 terrorist attacks.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Anxiety and Depression Survey and Analysis of Hospital Staff in a Designated Hospital in Shannan City During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Medical science monitor basic research · 2023Article
- Evolution of Anxiety Disorder Prevalence and Associated Factors in First Responders in Both the Medium and Long Terms after the January 2015 Terrorist Attacks in France.Depression and anxiety · 2023Article
- Association between different dimensions of anger and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in at-risk cardiovascular patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTerrorist attacks have strong psychological effects on rescue workers, and there is a demand for effective and targeted interventions.
aimsThe present systematic review aims to examine the mental health outcomes of exposed emergency service personnel over time, and to identify risk and resilience factors.
methodA literature search was carried out on PubMed and PubPsych until 27 August 2021. Only studies with a real reported incident were included. The evaluation of the study quality was based on the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, and the synthesis used the 'Guidance on the Conduct of Narrative Synthesis in Systematic Reviews'.
resultsThirty-three articles including 159 621 individuals were identified, relating to five different incidents with a post-event time frame ranging from 2 weeks to 13 years. The post-traumatic stress disorder prevalence rates were between 1.3 and 16.5%, major depression rates were between 1.3 and 25.8%, and rates for specific anxiety disorders were between 0.7 and 14%. The highest prevalence rates were found after the World Trade Center attacks. Reported risk factors were gender, no emergency service training, peritraumatic dissociation, spatial proximity to the event and social isolation.
conclusionsThe inconsistency of the prevalence rates may be attributable to the different severities of the incidents. Identified risk factors could be used to optimise training for emergency personnel before and after catastrophic events. Voluntary repetitive screening of rescue workers for mental health symptoms is recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.