Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35655263›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2022

Impact of metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on cardiovascular risk by the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to sex.

Yasuhiro Matsubayashi, Kazuya Fujihara, Mayuko Yamada-Harada, Yurie Mitsuma, Takaaki Sato, Yuta Yaguchi, Taeko Osawa, Masahiko Yamamoto, Masaru Kitazawa, Takaho Yamada and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Romania.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yasuhiro MatsubayashiDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Kazuya FujiharaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan. kafujihara-dm@umin.ac.jp.
Mayuko Yamada-HaradaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Yurie MitsumaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Takaaki SatoDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Yuta YaguchiDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Taeko OsawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Masahiko YamamotoDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Masaru KitazawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Takaho YamadaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Satoru KodamaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Hirohito SoneDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 1-754 Asahimachi-street, Niigata-city, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Niigata University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo determine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which are pathophysiologically similar and include insulin resistance, on the development of new-onset cardiovascular disease with and without type 2 diabetes and according to sex.

methodsThis study included 570,426 individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease who were enrolled in a nationwide claims database from 2008 to 2016 and were classified by the presence or absence of MetS and/or MAFLD stratified by the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and sex. The fatty liver index was used to determine the presence or absence of fatty liver that required a diagnosis of MAFLD. Risks of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in each category were analyzed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.

resultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 2252 CAD and 3128 CVD events occurred. Without type 2 diabetes the hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for CAD/CVD compared with neither MAFLD nor MetS was 1.32 (1.17-1.50)/1.41(1.28-1.57) for MAFLD only (without MetS), 1.78 (1.22-2.58)/1.66 (1.34-2.06) for MetS only (without MAFLD), and 2.10 (1.84-2.39)/1.73 (1.54-1.95) for MAFLD + MetS. For those with type 2 diabetes, the HR for CAD for MAFLD only (compared with neither MAFLD nor MetS) was 1.29 (1.06-1.58), for MetS only 1.34 (0.84-2.13), and for MAFLD + MetS 1.22 (1.02-1.47). For CVD, there was a significant increase in HR only in MAFLD + MetS [1.44 (1.18-1.76)]. The results of the analysis stratified by sex showed that MAFLD had a greater impact in men, and MetS had a greater impact in women regarding the development of CAD.

conclusionsDistinguishing between MetS and/or MAFLD in the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to sex may aid in accurately identifying patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCoronary Artery DiseaseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Fatty LiverMetabolic SyndromeFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleRisk FactorsCardiovascular diseaseFatty liverMetabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver diseaseMetabolic syndromeType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID35655263
PMCPMC9161475
OpenAlexW4281709231

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.