SynthesisEuropean journal of medical research2022
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence around the world: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of medical research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and five Omicron sublineages in companion cats and dogs in the USA: insights into their role in COVID-19 epidemiology.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and COVID-19 vaccination coverage in two states of Nigeria from a population based household survey.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Population-based cross-sectional seroprevalence study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in urban residential areas in Ghana.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Mosaic sarbecovirus nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive responses in pre-vaccinated animals.Cell · 2024Article
- High SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Rural Southern Mozambique After Four Waves of COVID-19: Community-Based Seroepidemiological Surveys.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Mosaic sarbecovirus nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive responses in pre-vaccinated animals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Comparing COVID-19 severity in patients hospitalized for community-associated Delta, BA.1 and BA.4/5 variant infection.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Evaluated by Antibody Response in a Sample of Workers from the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The burden of the coronavirus disease 2019 virus infection in Burkina Faso: Results from a World Health Organization UNITY population-based, age-stratified sero-epidemiological investigation.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Infection- or AZD1222 vaccine-mediated immunity reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission but increases Omicron competitiveness in hamsters.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Anti-N SARS-CoV-2 assays for evaluation of natural viral infection.Journal of immunological methods · 2023Article
- Asymptomatic and Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infections in a Hungarian Outpatient Cohort in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Following the Omicron BA.1 Wave.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in clinical settings in Douala, Cameroon.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Article
- Infection- or vaccine mediated immunity reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but increases competitiveness of Omicron in hamsters.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCovid-19 has been one of the major concerns around the world in the last 2 years. One of the challenges of this disease has been to determine its prevalence. Conflicting results of the serology test in Covid explored the need for an updated meta-analysis on this issue. Thus, this systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of global SARS-CoV-2 serology in different populations and geographical areas.
methodsTo identify studies evaluating the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases, including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL.
resultsIn this meta-analysis, the results showed that SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence is between 3 and 15% worldwide. In Eastern Mediterranean, the pooled estimate of seroprevalence SARS-CoV-2 was 15% (CI 95% 5-29%), and in Africa, the pooled estimate was 6% (CI 95% 1-13%). In America, the pooled estimate was 8% (CI 95% 6-11%), and in Europe, the pooled estimate was 5% (CI 95% 4-6%). Also the last region, Western Pacific, the pooled estimate was 3% (CI 95% 2-4%). Besides, we analyzed three of these areas separately. This analysis estimated the prevalence in subgroups such as study population, diagnostic methods, sampling methods, time, perspective, and type of the study.
conclusionThe present meta-analysis showed that the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 has been between 3 and 15% worldwide. Even considering the low estimate of this rate and the increasing vaccination in the world, many people are still susceptible to SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.