ArticleBMC genomics2022
Frameshift and wild-type proteins are often highly similar because the genetic code and genomes were optimized for frameshift tolerance.
Article in BMC genomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protein tandem repeats that produce frameshifts can generate new structural states and functions.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Mice carrying a GluN2B protein-truncating variant have altered NMDA receptor subunit composition and their behavior recapitulates patient phenotypes.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Investigation of Pharmacogenomic Variants in the CYP (P450) Family in Native American Populations of the Brazilian Amazon.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- ChiMSource improves the accuracy of studies on novel amino acid sequences by predicting alternative sources of mass spectrometry-derived peptides.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Many purported pseudogenes in bacterial genomes are bona fide genes.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Terrestrial Birth and Body Size Tune UCP1 Functionality in Seals.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- A large-scale phylogeny-guided analysis of pseudogenes inMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Bedaquiline- and clofazimine- selected Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants: further insights on resistance driven largely by Rv0678.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Structure modification of an antibiotic: by engineering the fusaricidin bio-synthetase A inFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- On the Origin of Frameshift-Robustness of the Standard Genetic Code.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Frameshift mutations have been considered of significant importance for the molecular evolution of proteins and their coding genes, while frameshift protein sequences encoded in the alternative reading frames of coding genes have been considered to be meaningless. However, functional frameshifts have been found widely existing. It was puzzling how a frameshift protein kept its structure and functionality while substantial changes occurred in its primary amino-acid sequence. This study shows that the similarities among frameshifts and wild types are higher than random similarities and are determined at different levels. Frameshift substitutions are more conservative than random substitutions in the standard genetic code (SGC). The frameshift substitutions score of SGC ranks in the top 2.0-3.5% of alternative genetic codes, showing that SGC is nearly optimal for frameshift tolerance. In many genes and certain genomes, frameshift-resistant codons and codon pairs appear more frequently than expected, suggesting that frameshift tolerance is achieved through not only the optimality of the genetic code but, more importantly, the further optimization of a specific gene or genome through the usages of codons/codon pairs, which sheds light on the role of frameshift mutations in molecular and genomic evolution.
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