ArticleInjury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention2022
Gun violence restraining orders in California, 2016-2018: case details and respondent mortality.
Article in Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extreme risk protection order policies and homicide risk among cohabitants of handgun owners.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Extreme Risk Protection Order Policies and Suicide Risk Among Handgun Owners.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- In search of common ground: Louisiana's resistance to an extreme risk protection order law for domestic violence prevention.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Using extreme risk protection orders to prevent violence among people experiencing homelessness in California and Colorado: a case series.Injury epidemiology · 2026Article
- Reduced incidence of arrest following an extreme risk protection order among respondents in California.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- "Police have more standing" vs. "I don't need the cops to stand in for me": public perspectives on police-initiated ERPO petitions in California.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Child and Adolescent Firearm-Related Homicide Occurring at Home.JAMA surgery · 2025Article
- Extreme risk protection order use in six US states: a descriptive study.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- A multi-state evaluation of extreme risk protection orders: a research protocol.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- Implementation of Extreme Risk Protection Orders in Colorado from 2020 to 2022: Firearm relinquishment and return and petitioner characteristics.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Updated Estimate of the Number of Extreme Risk Protection Orders Needed to Prevent 1 Suicide.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Law Enforcement Officer Knowledge of, Attitudes Toward, and Willingness to Use Extreme Risk Protection Orders.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- The origins of California's gun violence restraining order law: a case study using Kingdon's multiple streams framework.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Changes in suicide in California from 2017 to 2021: a population-based study.Injury epidemiology · 2023Article
- Changes in self-harm and suicide in California from 2017-2021: a population-based study.Research square · 2023Article
- An Exploration of Productivity Costs and Years of Potential Life Lost: Understanding the Impact of Premature Mortality From Injury in Mongolia.Health services insights · 2023Article
- Professional Training and Public Education Can Support Extreme Risk Protection Order Utilization: A Qualitative Study of Professionals in Oregon.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
- Variation in Extreme Risk Protection Order Use Among Urban, Suburban, and Rural ZIP Codes in Maryland: A Descriptive Study.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
- Arrests Among Extreme Risk Protection Order Respondents in Washington State: A Statewide Retrospective Cohort Study.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGun violence restraining orders (GVROs), implemented in California in 2016, temporarily prohibit individuals at high risk of violence from purchasing or possessing firearms and ammunition. We sought to describe the circumstances giving rise to GVROs issued 2016-2018, provide details about the GVRO process and quantify mortality outcomes for individuals subject to these orders ('respondents').
methodsFor this cross-sectional description of GVRO respondents, 2016-2018, we abstracted case details from court files and used LexisNexis to link respondents to mortality data through August 2020.
resultsWe abstracted information for 201 respondents with accessible court records. Respondents were mostly white (61.2%) and men (93.5%). Fifty-four per cent of cases involved potential harm to others alone, 15.3% involved potential harm to self alone and 25.2% involved both. Mass shooting threats occurred in 28.7% of cases. Ninety-six and one half per cent of petitioners were law enforcement officers and one-in-three cases resulted in arrest on order service. One-year orders after a hearing (following 21-day emergency/temporary orders) were issued in 53.5% of cases. Most (84.2%) respondents owned at least one firearm, and firearms were removed in 55.9% of cases. Of the 379 respondents matched by LexisNexis, 7 (1.8%) died after the GVRO was issued: one from a self-inflicted firearm injury that was itself the reason for the GVRO and the others from causes unrelated to violence.
conclusionsGVROs were used most often by law enforcement officers to prevent firearm assault/homicide and post-GVRO firearm fatalities among respondents were rare. Future studies should investigate additional respondent outcomes and potential sources of heterogeneity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.