Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35654424›Full record

ReviewYearbook of medical informatics2022

The Role of Formative Evaluation in Promoting Digitally-based Health Equity and Reducing Bias for Resilient Health Systems: The Case of Patient Portals.

Kathrin Cresswell, Michael Rigby, Andrew Georgiou, Zoie Shui-Yee Wong, Polina Kukhareva, Stephanie Medlock, Nicolet F De Keizer, Farah Magrabi, Philip Scott, Elske Ammenwerth

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Yearbook of medical informatics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Kathrin CresswellThe University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Michael RigbyKeele University, School of Social, Political and Global Studies and School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele, United Kingdom.
Andrew GeorgiouMacquarie University, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Sydney, Australia.
Zoie Shui-Yee WongSt. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
Polina KukharevaDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, USA.
Stephanie MedlockDepartment of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nicolet F De KeizerDepartment of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Farah MagrabiMacquarie University, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Sydney, Australia.
Philip ScottUniversity of Wales Trinity St David, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom.
Elske AmmenwerthUMIT TIROL, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Hall in Tirol, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPatient portals are increasingly implemented to improve patient involvement and engagement. We here seek to provide an overview of ways to mitigate existing concerns that these technologies increase inequity and bias and do not reach those who could benefit most from them.

methodsBased on the current literature, we review the limitations of existing evaluations of patient portals in relation to addressing health equity, literacy and bias; outline challenges evaluators face when conducting such evaluations; and suggest methodological approaches that may address existing shortcomings.

resultsVarious stakeholder needs should be addressed before deploying patient portals, involving vulnerable groups in user-centred design, and studying unanticipated consequences and impacts of information systems in use over time.

conclusionsFormative approaches to evaluation can help to address existing shortcomings and facilitate the development and implementation of patient portals in an equitable way thereby promoting the creation of resilient health systems.

Indexed as

Health EquityPatient PortalsBiasHumansPatient Participation

Identifiers

PMID35654424
PMCPMC9719768

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.