ArticlePlant physiology2022
The evolution of stomatal traits along the trajectory toward C4 photosynthesis.
Article in Plant physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improving Photosynthetic Efficiency and Biochemical Adaptations in Tomatoes under Drought Stress through Seaweed Aqueous Extract Application.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Inducibility of cyclic electron transport is linked to the transition from C3-C4 to C4 photosynthesis in Flaveria.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- Was the evolution of faster stomata driven by increased gas exchange rates rather than increasing water use efficiency?The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Cleomaceae: diversity and potential of a model family for studies on the evolution of photosynthesis.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights into plant community responses to environmental variables: genome size, cellular nutrient investments, and metabolic tradeoffs.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- The regulatory role of ZmSTOMAGEN1/2 in maize stomatal development is elucidated via gene editing and metabolic profiling.PloS one · 2025Article
- Engineering quantitative stomatal trait variation and local adaptation potential by cis-regulatory editing.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- The genome of Eleocharis vivipara elucidates the genetics of CJournal of integrative plant biology · 2024Article
- Stomatal development in the changing climate.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Grass leaf structural and stomatal trait responses to climate gradients assessed over the 20th century and across the Great Plains, USA.AoB PLANTS · 2024Article
- Trait variation and performance across varying levels of drought stress in cultivated sunflower (AoB PLANTS · 2024Article
- Speedy stomata of a CPlant, cell & environment · 2024Article
- Rapid non-destructive method to phenotype stomatal traits.Plant methods · 2023Article
- A comparison of stomatal conductance responses to blue and red light between C3 and C4 photosynthetic species in three phylogenetically-controlled experiments.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Fulvic acid-releasing chitosan nanoparticles promote the growth and salt stress tolerance of soybean plants.Physiologia plantarumArticle
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5 authors.
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Abstract
C4 photosynthesis optimizes plant carbon and water relations, allowing high photosynthetic rates with low stomatal conductance. Stomata have long been considered a part of the C4 syndrome. However, it remains unclear how stomatal traits evolved along the path from C3 to C4. Here, we examined stomata in the Flaveria genus, a model used for C4 evolutionary study. Comparative, transgenic, and semi-in vitro experiments were performed to study the molecular basis that underlies the changes of stomatal traits in C4 evolution. The evolution from C3 to C4 species is accompanied by a gradual rather than an abrupt change in stomatal traits. The initial change appears near the Type I intermediate stage. Co-evolution of the photosynthetic pathway and stomatal traits is supported. On the road to C4, stomata tend to be fewer in number but larger in size and stomatal density dominates changes in anatomical maximum stomatal conductance (gsmax). Reduction of FSTOMAGEN expression underlies decreased gsmax in Flaveria and likely occurs in other C4 lineages. Decreased gsmax contributes to the increase in intrinsic water-use efficiency in C4 evolution. This work highlights the stomatal traits in the current C4 evolutionary model. Our study provides insights into the pattern, mechanism, and role of stomatal evolution along the road toward C4.
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