ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2022
The Link Between Health Literacy and Three Conditions of Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Iranian postmenopausal females: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Health Literacy in Cardiometabolic Disease among People with Serious Mental Illness.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Association of Obesity Severity With Cardiometabolic and Renal Disease Burden in the United States.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Association between health literacy and Framingham risk score.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Impact of two COVID-19 lockdowns on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and associations with patient characteristics: a multicentre, observational cohort study over three years.Frontiers in public health · 2023Observational
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Health literacy (HL) intervention could be a potential prevention strategy to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS), but the association between low HL and MS is controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether low HL is associated with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, considering them as one cluster. Methods: We used data from the Hamburg Diabetes Prevention Survey, a population-based cross-sectional study in Germany. The 1349 eligible subjects were 18-60 years old. The European Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) was used to assess HL. Depending on the reported number of metabolic syndrome conditions (CMS), four groups were categorized as follows: "0", any "1", any "2" and "3" CMS. Ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between HL level (independent variable) and the reported number of CMS (dependent variable) adjusted for age, gender and education. Results: 63.9% of subjects (n=862) reported having "0", 25.7% (n=346) only "1", 8.2% (n=111) only "2" and 2.2% (n=30) "3" of the three CMS. In the group with sufficient HL, rates of "1," "2," or "3" CMS were lower than in the group with problematic or inadequate HL. Subjects with inadequate HL showed a 1.62-fold higher risk of having a higher number of CMS than subjects with sufficient HL (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.31). The risk increased with each life year (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.06), and was higher in persons with low education (OR 2.89; 95% CI 2.08 to 4.01) than in highly educated persons. Women showed lower risk (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.91) than men. Conclusion: Lower HL was associated with a higher number of MS conditions. Our findings suggest that HL intervention on health-promoting behaviors could help reduce MS risk in people with limited HL.
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