SynthesisThe journal of headache and pain2022
Imaging the inflammatory phenotype in migraine.
Synthesis in The journal of headache and pain, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of machine learning in migraine classification: a call for study design standardization and global collaboration.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy: Systematic mapping of abnormal brain function features in neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap: molecular mechanisms, regional activity and connectivity in headache disorders.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Targeting glial-orchestrated neuroinflammation in migraine pathophysiology.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- [Multiple comorbidities with migraine-Is there a common cause?]Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- White matter alterations in episodic migraine without aura patients assessed with diffusion MRI: effect of free water correction.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Unraveling the relationship between inflammation and cluster headache.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 1 - migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- Oxidative Stress and Migraine.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Unraveling the interplay of neuroinflammatory signaling between parenchymal and meningeal cells in migraine headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- Inflammatory response of leptomeninges to a single cortical spreading depolarization.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Increased CX3CL1 in cerebrospinal fluid and ictal serum t-tau elevations in migraine: results from a cross-sectional exploratory case-control study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- CGRP Antagonism and Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Migraine.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex system and the potential roles of psychedelic therapies.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- The CLDN5 gene at the blood-brain barrier in health and disease.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Review
- Lack of Association between CommonInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A Single Episode of Cortical Spreading Depolarization Increases mRNA Levels of Proinflammatory Cytokines, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Pannexin-1 Channels in the Cerebral Cortex.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Targeting specific brain districts for advanced nanotherapies: A review from the perspective of precision nanomedicine.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several preclinical and clinical lines of evidence suggest a role of neuroinflammation in migraine. Neuroimaging offers the possibility to investigate and localize neuroinflammation in vivo in patients with migraine, and to characterize specific inflammatory constituents, such as vascular permeability, and macrophage or microglia activity. Despite all imaging data accumulated on neuroinflammation across the past three decades, an overview of the imaging evidence of neuroinflammation in migraine is still missing.We conducted a systematic review in the Pubmed and Embase databases to evaluate existing imaging data on inflammation in migraine, and to identify gaps in the literature. We included 20 studies investigating migraine without aura (N = 4), migraine with aura (N = 8), both migraine with and without aura (N = 3), or hemiplegic migraine (N = 5).In migraine without aura, macrophage activation was not evident. In migraine with aura, imaging evidence suggested microglial and parameningeal inflammatory activity. Increased vascular permeability was mostly found in hemiplegic migraine, and was atypical in migraine with and without aura. Based on the weight of existing and emerging data, we show that most studies have concentrated on demonstrating increased vascular permeability as a marker of neuroinflammation, with tools that may not have been optimal. In the future, novel, more sensitive techniques, as well as imaging tracers delineating specific inflammatory pathways may further bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.