ArticlePloS one2022
Parenting of Spanish mothers and fathers playing with their children at home.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Positive Parenting and Maternal Well-Being of Low-Income Chilean Adolescent Mothers in Their Children's Negativity.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Positive Parenting and Sociodemographic Factors Related to the Development of Chilean Children Born to Adolescent Mothers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Commentary: Internalizing Problems in Childhood and Adolescence: The Role of the Family.Alpha psychiatry · 2023Article
- Relations between Positive Parenting Behavior during Play and Child Language Development at Early Ages.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare the parenting behaviors of mothers and fathers when evaluated in a free play situation at home and to study how these behaviors were related to the sociodemographic variables of the family. The study included 155 mothers and 155 fathers from the same families in Spain. The children (90 boys and 65 girls) were typically developing and were aged between 10 and 47 months old. The parents completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, and parenting behaviors in four domains (Affection, Responsiveness, Encouragement, and Teaching) were assessed from self-recorded videotapes, in accordance with the Spanish version of the PICCOLO. Our results showed both commonalities and differences between the mothers and fathers. The mean scores for the four parenting domains followed a similar pattern in both mothers and fathers: the highest mean score was in the Responsiveness domain, followed by the Affection, Encouragement, and the Teaching domains. Regarding the second aim, no differences were observed in parenting according to the child's gender and the only domain related to the child's age was mother's Teaching. Mothers with a higher educational level scored higher on all parenting domains, except for Responsiveness. Family income was positively related to maternal Affection, Encouragement, and the total PICCOLO score, and to the father's score in the Teaching domain. This study provides evidence that Spanish mothers and fathers show very similar strengths for promoting children's development during interactions. These results are relevant to inform social public policies and family programs.
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