ArticleJournal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA2022
Increased antibiotic exposure in early life is associated with adverse outcomes in very low birth weight infants.
Article in Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between early postnatal antibiotic exposure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Association between initial empirical antibiotic therapy and necrotizing enterocolitis in very preterm infants at different risk for early-onset sepsis: a multicenter cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Observational
- Sex differences in the blood metabolome of extremely preterm infants: a pilot study on the impact of antibiotic therapy.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- The double-edged sword of early antibiotic exposure in extremely preterm infants: implications for necrotizing enterocolitis and growth faltering.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Elimination ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.Current treatment options in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Association between indoor environmental risk factors and pneumonia among preschool children in Urumqi：A case-control study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis: An Update on Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Prevention.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis in twin preterm infants.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- The Detrimental Effects of Peripartum Antibiotics on Gut Proliferation and Formula Feeding Injury in Neonatal Mice Are Alleviated withMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Restrictive Use of Empirical Antibiotics Is Associated with Improved Short Term Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Single Center, Retrospective Cohort Study from China.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Early antibiotics and risk for necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants: A narrative review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Review
- Antibiotics use and worse outcome: A possibility of misinterpretation.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Reply to: "Is antibiotic exposure associated with an increased risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants?"Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Reply to: "Antibiotics use and worse outcome: A possibility of mis-interpretation".Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- When more can lose more: Comments to the long-term use of prophylactic antibiotics for very low birth weight infant resulting in the adverse outcomes.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Is antibiotic exposure associated with an increased risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants?Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Prolonged antibiotic therapy increased necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants without culture-proven sepsis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of antibiotics in the early lives of premature infants may alter the microbiota and influence their clinical outcomes. However, whether the administration of probiotics can influence these outcomes remains unknown. In our study, probiotics were routinely administered unless contraindicated. We explored whether increased antibiotic exposure with the routine use of probiotics was associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling very low birth weight (VLBW) infants admitted between January 1, 2016, and March 31, 2020, to a medical center. Days of antibiotic exposure in the first 14 days of life were recorded. The primary outcomes were NEC and BPD. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable regression analyses to assess risk factors.
resultsOf 185 VLBW infants admitted to the medical center, 132 met the inclusion criteria. Each additional day of antibiotic treatment was associated with increased odds of NEC (aOR, 1.278; 95% CI, 1.025-1.593) and BPD (aOR, 1.630; 95% CI, 1.233-2.156). The association remained in the NEC analysis after adjustment for probiotic use.
conclusionIncreased antibiotic exposure in the early lives of VLBW infants was associated with increased risks of NEC and BPD. The probiotics did not influence the outcomes. Our findings suggest that clinicians should be alerted to the adverse outcomes of antibiotic use in infants with VLBWs.
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