ArticleSAGE open medicine2022
Effective examination methods for identifying the primary origins of metastatic bone tumors of unknown primary origin during the initial visit: A retrospective chart review study.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence for Detection and Characterisation of Bone Metastases on MRI: A Scoping Review.Cancers · 2026Review
- Article
- diagnostic approach to bone metastasis of unknown origin: a systematic review.Orthopedic reviews · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To provide appropriate treatment for patients, early diagnosis of the primary origin of skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin is important. This study aimed to assess the examination strategy effective for identifying the primary origin of skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin. Methods: Sixty-one patients with skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin were reviewed. The primary origin was examined via physical examination, blood test including tumor markers, chest radiography, thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan, positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan, metastatic lesion biopsy, and other assessments. Examination methods considered effective for the diagnosis of the primary origin in a specific type of cancer were investigated. Results: The lung was the most common primary origin site, followed by the lymph nodes, prostate, and breast. Meanwhile, biopsy was the most effective examination, followed by positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan and thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan. Blood tests are useful for detecting hematological malignancies and prostate cancer. Computed tomography scans can be used to identify cancers in the lung, breast, and kidney, which are the common primary origins. Forty-one (67.2%) of the 61 patients with skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin were diagnosed via the first four steps, that is, physical examination, blood test, chest radiography, and thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan. Finally, two patients were diagnosed with skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin. Conclusion: The examination steps used in this study, including physical examination, blood test including tumor markers, chest radiography, thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan, positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan, biopsy, and other assessments were effective in determining the primary origin of skeletal metastases of unknown primary origin during the initial visit.
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