ArticleThe Journal of reproduction and development2022
Evaluation of bovine uterine gland functions in 2D and 3D culture system.
Article in The Journal of reproduction and development, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tubulogenesis of bovine uterine glands by epidermal growth factor and collagen I in 3D culture systems.Bioscience reports · 2026Article
- Development of a three-dimensional culture model of endometrium to study embryo-uterine interactions.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Bovine endometrial organoids: a new tool to study conceptus-maternal interactions in mammals†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Conceptus Elongation, Implantation, and Early Placental Development in Species with Central Implantation: Pigs, Sheep, and Cows.Biomolecules · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In ruminants, uterine glands play key roles in the establishment of pregnancy by secreting various factors into the uterine lumen. Although a three-dimensional (3D) culture system has been used for investigating cellular functions in vitro, the detailed functions of uterine gland have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the benefits of 3D culture system to examine the innate functions of bovine uterine glands. Isolated bovine uterine glands were cultured on Matrigel (2D) or in Matrigel (3D), respectively, and the mRNA levels of secreted proteins (SERPINA14, MEP1B, APOA1, ARSA, CTGF, and SPP1) were measured in isolated and cultured uterine glands. The protein expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the establishment of apico-basal polarity were examined. In isolated uterine glands, the mRNA levels of secreted proteins changed during the estrous cycle. Although uterine glands cultured in both 2D and 3D expressed ERβ and PR, progesterone did not affect SERPINA14 mRNA expression. The expression of APOA1 mRNA in 2D cultured uterine glands did not respond to estrogen and progesterone. Additionally, the mRNA levels of secreted proteins in the 3D culture system were significantly higher than those in the 2D culture system, which might be attributed to the different cellular morphology between them. The locations of ZO-1 and β-catenin in 2D cultured uterine glands were disordered compared with 3D cultured uterine glands. These results showed that the hormonal responsiveness of secreted factor expression and cellular morphology were different between 2D and 3D cultured bovine uterine glands.
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Registered trials
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