Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35643781›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

Sources, toxicity potential, and human health risk assessment of heavy metals-laden soil and dust of urban and suburban areas as affected by industrial and mining activities.

Hamed A Al-Swadi, Adel R A Usman, Abdullah S Al-Farraj, Mohammad I Al-Wabel, Munir Ahmad, Abdulelah Al-Faraj

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hamed A Al-SwadiSoil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box: 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. halswadi@ksu.edu.sa.
Adel R A UsmanSoil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box: 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah S Al-FarrajSoil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box: 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad I Al-WabelSoil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box: 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Munir AhmadSoil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box: 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulelah Al-FarajAgriculture Engineering Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sources and levels of heavy metals (HMs) in soil and dust of urban and suburban areas in Riyadh (industrial city) and Mahad AD'Dahab (mining area) cities in Saudi Arabia were reported in this study. Additionally, the concentrations of HMs in different soil particle size fractions (> 250, 63-250 and < 63 µm) were reported. Pollution extent, and ecological and human health risks associated with collected soil and dust samples were explored. Contamination levels of HMs were higher in dust as compared to soil samples at all sites. The average integrated potential ecological risk in dust samples of urban area of Mahad AD'Dahab was 139, and thus characterized as a very-high-risk criterion. Enrichment factor (EF), correlation analyses, and principal component analysis showed that aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and zinc (Zn) had mainly the lithogenic occurrence (EF < 2). However, Zn, copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) in Riyadh, and cadmium (Cd), Cu, Zn, and Pb in the Mahad AD'Dahab were affected by industrial and mining activities, respectively, that were of anthropogenic origins (EF > 2). The hazard index values of dust and soil (< 63 µm) samples in both urban and suburban areas in Mahad AD'Dahab were > 1, suggesting non-carcinogenic risk. Therefore, the dust and soil samples from the mined area of Mahad AD'Dahab had a higher pollution levels, as well as ecological and human health risks than those from Riyadh. Hence, the pollution of such residential environments with HMs (especially Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb) needs to be monitored.

Indexed as

DustMetals, HeavyCadmiumEnvironmental MonitoringHumansLeadRisk AssessmentSoilZincCadmiumDustLeadMetals, HeavySoilZinc

Identifiers

PMID35643781
PMCPMC9148304

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.