Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2022
Usability and acceptability of oral-based HCV self-testing among key populations: a mixed-methods evaluation in Tbilisi, Georgia.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Acceptability and Effectiveness of Point-of-Care HCV Testing in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Pooled it
- Acceptability of self-sampling and self-testing for infections: a rapid systematic review on public users' views.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Acceptability and Usability of Blood-Based and Oral Fluid HCV Self-Testing Among Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men and Transgender Women on PrEP.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Hepatitis C self-testing and self-collection among people with experience in the Canadian carceral system: a qualitative study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Results of the HCV self-testing implementation study through the secondary distribution of HCV self-tests among adult males in Georgia.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Feasibility and acceptability of hepatitis C virus self-testing models among high-risk groups in Nasarawa, Nigeria; Exploratory cross-sectional analysis of an implementation study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Feasibility of a Mobile Application for Self and Assisted Reporting of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Self-Testing Results in Tanzania: A Pilot Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Assessing user experience with the Bioline™ HCV point-of-care test in primary healthcare settings: a mixed-methods study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Evaluating effectiveness and comparative costs of hepatitis C virus self-testing service delivery models in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Implementing a pilot study of COVID-19 self-testing in high-risk populations and remote locations: results and lessons learnt.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Health, harm reduction, and social service providers' perspectives on the appropriateness and feasibility of peer distribution of HIV self-test kits among people who use drugs.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Willingness to use and distribute HIV self-testing kits among people who inject drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana border region.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Substance Use and Misuse among Sexual and Gender Minority Communities Living in Former Soviet Union Countries: A Scoping Review.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2024Article
- Article
- Usability and acceptability of oral fluid- and blood-based hepatitis C virus self-testing among the general population and men who have sex with men in Malaysia.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Incidence and Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Among HIV-Negative Gay and Bisexual Men Using HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Need for integration of hepatitis C (HCV) services in community-based settings for people who inject drugs: results from a global values and preferences survey.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHepatitis C virus self-testing (HCVST) is an additional approach that may expand access to HCV testing. We conducted a mixed-methods cross-sectional observational study to assess the usability and acceptability of HCVST among people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) people in Tbilisi, Georgia.
methodsThe study was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020 among PWID at one harm reduction site and among MSM/TG at one community-based organization. We used a convergent parallel mixed-methods design. Usability was assessed by observing errors made and difficulties faced by participants. Acceptability was assessed using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire. A subset of participants participated in cognitive and in-depth interviews.
resultsA total of 90 PWID, 84 MSM and 6 TG were observed performing HCVST. PWID were older (median age 35 vs 24) and had a lower level of education compared to MSM/TG (27% vs 59%). The proportion of participants who completed all steps successfully without assistance was 60% among PWID and 80% among MSM/TG. The most common error was in sample collection and this was observed more often among PWID than MSM/TG (21% vs 6%; p = 0.002). More PWID requested assistance during HCVST compared to MSM/TG (22% vs 8%; p = 0.011). Acceptability was high in both groups (98% vs 96%; p = 0.407). Inter-reader agreement was 97% among PWID and 99% among MSM/TG. Qualitative data from cognitive (n = 20) and in-depth interviews (n = 20) was consistent with the quantitative data confirming a high usability and acceptability.
conclusionsHCVST was highly acceptable among key populations in Georgia of relatively high educational level, and most participants performed HCVST correctly. A significant difference in usability was observed among PWID compared to MSM/TG, indicating that PWID may benefit from improved messaging and education as well as options to receive direct assistance when self-testing for HCV.
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