ArticleScientific reports2022
Development of gut microbiota during the first 2 years of life.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07309536 (Mediterranean Diet Uptake and Nutrition on Child Health, Inflammation, and Early-life Symbiosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mediterranean Diet Uptake and Nutrition on Child Health, Inflammation, and Early-life Symbiosis (MUNCHIES): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review to Reassess the Formula for Early Life Growth.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Early-life gut microbiome associates with positive vaccine take and shedding in neonatal schedule of the human neonatal rotavirus vaccine RV3-BB.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Gut microbiome and pregnancy complications: emerging evidence and mechanistic insights.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Global and local trajectories of infant gut microbiota development in Bangladesh across the COVID-19 pandemic.mSystems · 2026Article
- New Insights into the Composition of the Early-Life Gut Microbiome: A Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Samples in Children Up to 18 Months of Age.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2026Article
- The gut microbiome and allograft outcomes: implications for heart transplantation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Joint Effects of Prenatal Antibiotics, Mode of Birth and Breastfeeding Duration on Childhood Infections: The Norwegian MoBa Cohort Study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and immune modulation: role in neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- High early-life gut Bacteroides links to microbiome stability, resilience, and risk for childhood infections.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Distinct early gut microbiota patterns by delivery mode within 100 hours of birth.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lifestyle changes on early-life microbiome development.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- Development of gut microbiota composition in captive Asian elephants: a year-long analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mixed Evidence for Impact of Early Infant Gut Microbiome and Later Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the MARBLES Prospective Cohort Study.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Processed Diets and Food Additives Shape the Gut Microbiota and Chronic Disease Risk Across the Life Course-A Three-Layer Ecosystem Disruption Model (TLED) Model.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of Diet in Shaping Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolic Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Temporal dynamics and functional maturation of the infant gut microbiota during the first year of life.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Early-life immunological and microbial differences between East African and North European children.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Early-Life Gut Microbiota: Education of the Immune System and Links to Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Impact of maternal, infant, and household factors on early-life gut microbiome development in a rural setting.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- The gut microbiota and sleep in infants: a focus on diurnal rhythmicity patterns.Gut microbes reports · 2026Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although development of microbiota in childhood has been linked to chronic immune-related conditions, early childhood determinants of microbiota development have not been fully elucidated. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyse faecal and saliva samples from 83 children at four time-points during their first 2 years of life and from their mothers. Our findings confirm that gut microbiota in infants have low diversity and highlight that some properties are shared with the oral microbiota, although inter-individual differences are present. A considerable convergence in gut microbiota composition was noted across the first 2 years of life, towards a more diverse adult-like microbiota. Mode of delivery accounted for some of the inter-individual variation in early childhood, but with a pronounced attenuation over time. Our study extends previous research with further characterization of the major shift in gut microbiota composition during the first 2 years of life.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.