Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35638533›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of international medical research2022

Pentazocine with rectal diclofenac versus pentazocine alone for pain relief following caesarean delivery in Enugu, Nigeria: A randomized controlled trial.

Ifeanyichukwu Jude Ofor, Joseph Tochukwu Enebe, Nwadiuto Emmanuela Ofor, Christian Nnaemeka Onyia, Chidimma Akudo Omeke, Calistus Obiora Nevo, Perpetua Cleopatra Enyinna, Fredrick Ikenna Awkadigwe, George Uchenna Eleje, Frank Okechukwu Ezugwu

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of international medical research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ifeanyichukwu Jude OforDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-9446
Joseph Tochukwu EnebeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3517-1104
Nwadiuto Emmanuela OforDepartments of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Christian Nnaemeka OnyiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, College of Medicine, Government Residential Area, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Chidimma Akudo OmekeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Calistus Obiora NevoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Perpetua Cleopatra EnyinnaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Fredrick Ikenna AwkadigweDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology - Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
George Uchenna ElejeEffective Care Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-2152
Frank Okechukwu EzugwuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, College of Medicine, Government Residential Area, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Enugu State University of Science and Technology · NGNnamdi Azikiwe University · NGUniversity of Nigeria Teaching Hospital · NG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo measure postoperative pain relief following the use of rectal diclofenac combined with intramuscular pentazocine compared with intramuscular pentazocine alone in patients undergoing a caesarean delivery.

methodsThis single-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled pregnant women that had a caesarean section at the Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Study participants were randomized to receive either 100 mg of rectal diclofenac given every 12 h plus 30 mg of intramuscular pentazocine given every 6 h (group A) or 60 mg of intramuscular pentazocine given every 6 h (group B). The primary outcome was the level of pain as measured using a visual analogue scale. The secondary outcomes were the level of satisfaction with pain relief and need for rescue analgesia.

resultsA total of 200 participants were randomized equally into the two groups. Participants in group A had significantly better pain control and satisfaction over the 48 h after surgery compared with group B. Significantly more of group B required rescue analgesia for breakthrough pain compared with group A.

conclusionRectal diclofenac combined with intramuscular pentazocine was significantly better at controlling pain compared with pentazocine alone in the first 48 h following caesarean section.

Indexed as

DiclofenacPentazocineAnalgesics, OpioidAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCesarean SectionFemaleHumansNigeriaPostoperative PainPregnancySingle-Blind MethodAnalgesics, OpioidAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDiclofenacPentazocineAnalgesiacaesarean deliveryEnugupentazocinerectal diclofenac

Identifiers

PMID35638533
PMCPMC9160910
OpenAlexW4282028270

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.