ArticleBrain stimulation
A high-density theta burst paradigm enhances the aftereffects of transcranial magnetic stimulation: Evidence from focal stimulation of rat motor cortex.
Article in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The resting-state brain activity signatures for addictive disorders.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- The Association of EEG μ Rhythm Phase and Power with TMS-Assessed Cortical Excitability States.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A cell type-specific mechanism driving the rapid antidepressant effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Functional MRI reveals regional changes of brain activity in rats following longitudinal focal high-density theta burst stimulation (hdTBS).Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Ultra-high frequency repetitive TMS at subthreshold intensity induces suprathreshold motor response via temporal summation.Journal of neural engineering · 2024Article
- High inductance magnetic-core coils have enhanced efficiency in inducing suprathreshold motor response in rats.Physics in medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Detailed high quality surface-based mouse CAD model suitable for electromagnetic simulations.Biomedical physics & engineering express · 2023Article
- Design and evaluation of a rodent-specific focal transcranial magnetic stimulation coil with the custom shielding application in rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundTheta burst stimulation (TBS) is an efficient noninvasive neuromodulation paradigm that has been widely adopted, clinically. However, the efficacy of TBS treatment remains similarly modest as conventional 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To develop a new TBS paradigm that enhances the effects of TMS administration while maintaining high time-efficiency.
methodsWe describe here a new TMS paradigm, named High-Density Theta Burst Stimulation (hdTBS). This paradigm delivers up to 6 pulses per burst, as opposed to only 3 in conventional TBS, while maintaining the inter-burst interval of 200 ms (or 5 Hz) - a critical parameter in inducing long-term potentiation. This paradigm was implemented on a TMS stimulator developed in-house; its physiological effects were assessed in the motor cortex of awake rats using a rodent specific focal TMS coil. Microwire electrodes were implanted into each rat's limb muscles to longitudinally record motor-evoked potential (MEP). Four different TBS paradigms (3, 4, 5 or 6 pulses per burst, 200 s per session) were tested; MEP signals were recorded immediately before (baseline) and up to 35 min post each TBS session.
resultsWe developed a stimulator based on a printed-circuit board strategy. The stimulator was able to deliver stable outputs of up to 6 pulses per burst. Animal experiments (n = 15) revealed significantly different aftereffects induced by the four TBS paradigms (Friedman test, p = 0.018). Post hoc analysis further revealed that, in comparison to conventional 3-pulse TBS, 5- and 6-pulse TBS enhanced the aftereffects of MEP signals by 56% and 92%, respectively, while maintaining identical time efficiency. CONCLUSION(S): A new stimulation paradigm is proposed, implemented and tested in the motor cortex of awake rats using a focal TMS coil developed in the lab. We observed enhanced aftereffects as assessed by MEP, with no obvious adverse effects, suggesting the translational potentials of this paradigm.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.