ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2022
LDL-C: The Only Causal Risk Factor for ASCVD. Why Is It Still Overlooked and Underestimated?
Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of combining PCSK9 inhibitors with statins on major adverse cardiovascular events and lipid levels in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Multiply doses of FDC of rosuvastatin and ezetimibe versus rosuvastatin monotherapy in Chinese patients with hypercholesterolemia (ROSE-CH): multicenter, randomized-controlled trial.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Trial
- Impact of infrared moxibustion for patients with mild hyperlipidemia: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Causal relationship between aspirin use and age-related macular degeneration.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Clinical observation of renal artery stenosis treated with PCSK9 inhibitor.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Less intensive lipid-lowering therapy after ST-elevation myocardial infarction is associated with cardiovascular events: 2-year follow-up of "Jena auf Ziel".Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Summary of the best evidence for non-pharmacological interventions for dyslipidemia in patients with coronary heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Translational Nanomedicine and Delivery Tools for Cardiovascular Disease Therapy and Diagnostics.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Multi-Target Therapeutic Potential of Arctii Fructus Lignans in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Mechanistic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Concordance-discordance between apolipoprotein B and lipid biomarkers in predicting 20-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: The ATTICA study (2002-2022).European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Article
- Analysis of Personalized Cardiovascular Drug Therapy: From Monitoring Technologies to Data Integration and Future Perspectives.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Non-traditional lipid biomarkers in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: pathophysiological mechanisms and strategies to address residual risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- The interaction between blood lipids and ASCVD increases the risk of DKD: a nonlinear relationship transforms into a linear relationship, a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Protective Factor in COPD and Implications for Statin Therapy: A Multi-Omics Genetic Epidemiology Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Luteolin Nanosuspensions on Pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin: Drug-Drug Interactions Using Rat Models.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- The association of Serum Klotho with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and prognosis in general population: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2024Article
- PCSK9 Inhibitors: The Evolving Future.Health science reports · 2024Article
- LOGAN-CV: A Prospective Study of a Multifaceted Intervention Targeting United States Clinicians to Improve Guideline-Based Management of Lipid-Lowering Therapy.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- Gender-specific correlations between remnant cholesterol and severe abdominal aortic calcification in American adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the most important causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This article reviews why LDL-C remains overlooked and underestimated despite numerous studies that have proved its role. RECENT
findingsRecently published EAS/ESC Guidelines for dyslipidemia and EAS Guidelines for prevention set new targets for LDL-C levels in primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD. These guidelines are based on data from large studies and meta-analyzes that have shown that lower LDL-C also means lower cardiovascular event rates. Real-life experience published in registries worldwide has shown us that the guidelines have not been translated to everyday clinical practice, meaning that a significant number of patients are undertreated and have LDL-C levels well above target. Potential reasons for the abovementioned are poor adherence and education of the patient and physician and health care system related factors. Implementation of the latest version of guidelines will require continuous patient and physicians education, as well as a shared decision-making process between physician and patient.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.