ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2022
Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Diagnostic, Neurobiological, and Behavioral Features.
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Communication Skills and Social Anxiety in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026Pooled it
- Common and distinct cortical thickness alterations in youth with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of chronic pain among U.S. children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Homozygous CHD8 mutation intensifies ASD phenotypes and attenuates sex differences.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sex-Dependent Alterations in Behavioral Development of Mice Lacking α5-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Article
- Hair Metals and Essential Trace Element Profiles in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (F84.0): an Exploratory Case-Control Study With Sex Stratified Descriptive Analyses.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Article
- Anxiety as a Moderator Between Autistic/ADHD Traits and Quality of Life in Autistic Children and Adolescents.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Cell-type-specific disruption of nucleus accumbens social representations in a mouse model of autism.Neuron · 2026Article
- Exploring Parental Factors in Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk: A Case-Control Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Among Youth With Autism and ADHD: A Population-Based Study From Sweden.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Adaptive Functioning, Sensory Processing, and Behavioral Problems in Autistic Children: The Moderating Role of Gender.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Psychopathology and Neurocognition in Community Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- "Only Boys Can be Autistic": A Qualitative Exploration of Gender Stereotype and Socialization on the Diagnostic Journey.Autism in adulthood · 2026Article
- Shielding the First 24 Postnatal Months of Life: A Proposal for a Prospective Cohort Study of Early-Life Electromagnetic Exposure and Autism Risk.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psilocybin improves novel object recognition in a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome through the modulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Male-Biased Social Deficits in Chd8Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Peer Interaction in Late-Diagnosed Autistic Adolescent Boys and Girls.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms Have Alterations in Intestinal Neurotransmitter Pathways.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Association of intrapartum epidural analgesia and oxytocin exposure with offspring autism and neurodevelopment from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a worldwide prevalence of about 1%, characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, repetitive patterns of behaviors, and can be associated with hyper- or hypo-reactivity of sensory stimulation and cognitive disability. ASD comorbid features include internalizing and externalizing symptoms such as anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and attention problems. The precise etiology of ASD is still unknown and it is undoubted that the disorder is linked to some extent to both genetic and environmental factors. It is also well-documented and known that one of the most striking and consistent finding in ASD is the higher prevalence in males compared to females, with around 70% of ASD cases described being males. The present review looked into the most significant studies that attempted to investigate differences in ASD males and females thus trying to shade some light on the peculiar characteristics of this prevalence in terms of diagnosis, imaging, major autistic-like behavior and sex-dependent uniqueness. The study also discussed sex differences found in animal models of ASD, to provide a possible explanation of the neurological mechanisms underpinning the different presentation of autistic symptoms in males and females.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.