ReviewViruses2022
Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) and MMTV-like Viruses: An In-depth Look at a Controversial Issue.
Review in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral zoonosis and human cancer: further perspectives and considerations.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Article
- Epigenetic motifs distinguishing endogenous from exogenous retroviral integrants.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Viral zoonosis and human cancer: a perspective.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Review
- Article
- A landscape review with novel criteria to evaluate microbial drivers for cancer: priorities for innovative research targeting excessive cancer mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Molecular Mechanism of Breast Cancer and Predisposition of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Propagation Cycle.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Identification and characterization of host miRNAs that target the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) genome.Open biology · 2024Article
- Common Spontaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions in 70 Pet Rodents and Negative MMTV Detection in Mammary Tumors.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Molecular pathways and therapeutic targets linked to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Immunohistochemical Detection of the Expressed BRCA1 and BRCA2 Proteins in Microenvironment of Malignant Breast Cancerous Tissues Infected with Human Mammary Tumor Virus.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- Milk Transmission of Mammalian Retroviruses.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2023Review
- Global Down-regulation of Gene Expression Induced by Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) in Normal Mammary Epithelial Cells.Viruses · 2023Article
- Shifting the center of gravity for addressing the rising cancer disease burden in Africa: A rationale for African-based integrative infectious diseases and oncology research.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Experimental mouse models for translational human cancer research.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Life after Cleavage: The Story of a β-Retroviral (MMTV) Signal Peptide-From Murine Lymphoma to Human Breast Cancer.Viruses · 2022Review
- Infectious Causes of Neoplasia in the Domestic Cat.Veterinary sciences · 2022Review
- Presence of a mouse mammary tumour virus-like in feline lymphomas: a preliminary study.Infectious agents and cancer · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since its discovery as a milk factor, mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) has been shown to cause mammary carcinoma and lymphoma in mice. MMTV infection depends upon a viral superantigen (sag)-induced immune response and exploits the immune system to establish infection in mammary epithelial cells when they actively divide. Simultaneously, it avoids immune responses, causing tumors through insertional mutagenesis and clonal expansion. Early studies identified antigens and sequences belonging to a virus homologous to MMTV in human samples. Several pieces of evidence fulfill a criterion for a possible causal role for the MMTV-like virus in human breast cancer (BC), though the controversy about whether this virus was linked to BC has raged for over 40 years in the literature. In this review, the most important issues related to MMTV, from its discovery to the present days, are retraced to fully explore such a controversial issue. Furthermore, the hypothesis of an MMTV-like virus raised the question of a potential zoonotic mouse-man transmission. Several studies investigate the role of an MMTV-like virus in companion animals, suggesting their possible role as mediators. Finally, the possibility of an MMTV-like virus as a cause of human BC opens a new era for prevention and therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.