ReviewVaccines2022
An Overview of Vaccine Adjuvants: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 159 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Clinical and public health economic impact of rapid strain-matched vaccination in influenza pandemic mitigation: A UK-like population dynamic transmission model.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Rational design of next-generation vaccine adjuvants: From molecular mechanisms to hybrid delivery platforms.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Dietary Aluminium Exposure and Human Health: Sources, Bioavailability, Toxicokinetics, and Health Risk Assessment.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Proteome conserved multi-epitope-based vaccine construct against Nipah virus.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Broad-Spectrum Multi-Epitope Design Targeting Conserved Hantavirus Glycoproteins (Gn/Gc): Chimeric Antigen Engineering and Structural Mapping.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-driven multi-epitope vaccine design as a promising strategy against multidrug-resistant pathogens: a comprehensive review.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- The Role of Adjuvant Nonavalent HPV Vaccination After LLETZ in Patients with Isolated CIN2: A Controlled Cohort Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Smart nanoparticle vaccines integrate nanotechnology artificial intelligence and immunoengineering for precision immunization.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Viral Vaccine Adjuvant Strategies for Shaping Durable Immunity Across the Human Lifespan.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Development of a Novel Polyleucine-Based Immunopotentiator for Subunit Vaccines Against Group A Streptococcus.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- From Classical Bacterins to Recombinant Vaccines: Critical Aspects of the Immune Response in Ruminants.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Development and Immunogenicity Evaluation of an RSV Recombinant Vaccine Displaying a Conserved Domain of RSV G.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatic-based design of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against Ruminococcus torques using subtractive proteomics and molecular dynamics simulations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Investigating the In Vitro Immunomodulatory Potential of Microparticulate β-L-Adenosine in Particulate Vaccine Candidates.Vaccines · 2026Article
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccinations are one of the most important preventive tools against infectious diseases. Over time, many different types of vaccines have been developed concerning the antigen component. Adjuvants are essential elements that increase the efficacy of vaccination practises through many different actions, especially acting as carriers, depots, and stimulators of immune responses. For many years, few adjuvants have been included in vaccines, with aluminium salts being the most commonly used adjuvant. However, recent research has focused its attention on many different new compounds with effective adjuvant properties and improved safety. Modern technologies such as nanotechnologies and molecular biology have forcefully entered the production processes of both antigen and adjuvant components, thereby improving vaccine efficacy. Microparticles, emulsions, and immune stimulators are currently in the spotlight for their huge potential in vaccine production. Although studies have reported some potential side effects of vaccine adjuvants such as the recently recognised ASIA syndrome, the huge worth of vaccines remains unquestionable. Indeed, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of vaccines, especially in regard to managing future potential pandemics. In this field, research into adjuvants could play a leading role in the production of increasingly effective vaccines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.