Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35632554›Full record

ArticleVaccines2022

Immunogenicity and Safety of Homologous and Heterologous Prime-Boost Immunization with COVID-19 Vaccine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Haoyue Cheng, Zhicheng Peng, Shuting Si, Xialidan Alifu, Haibo Zhou, Peihan Chi, Yan Zhuang, Minjia Mo, Yunxian Yu

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Haoyue ChengDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3538-0678
Zhicheng PengDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Shuting SiDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Xialidan AlifuDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Haibo ZhouDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Peihan ChiDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Yan ZhuangDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Minjia MoDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Yunxian YuDepartment of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University · CN

Funding

Chinese National Natural Science Foundation 81973055Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province 2020E10004Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang 2019R01007Major research and development projects of Zhejiang science and Technology Department 2018C03010
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A prime-boost strategy of COVID-19 vaccines brings hope to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2, while the immunogenicity of the vaccines is waning over time. Whether a booster dose of vaccine is needed has become a widely controversial issue. However, no published meta-analysis has focused on the issue. Therefore, this study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of the different combinations of prime-boost vaccinations. Electronic databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, medRxiv, Wanfang and CNKI were used to retrieve the original studies. A total of 28 studies, 9 combinations of prime-boost vaccinations and 5870 subjects were included in the meta-analysis, and random effect models were used to estimate pooled immunogenicity and safety. The immunity against COVID-19 after the prime vaccination waned over time, especially in the populations primed with inactivated vaccines, in which the seropositive rate of antibodies was only 28% (95% CI: 17-40%). Booster vaccination could significantly increase the antibody responses, and heterologous immunization was more effective than homologous immunization (neutralization titers: 1.65 vs. 1.27; anti-RBD IgG: 1.85 vs. 1.15); in particular, the combination of inactivated-mRNA vaccines had the highest antibody responses (neutralization titers: MRAW = 3.64, 95% CI: 3.54-3.74; anti-RBD IgG: 3.73, 95% CI: 3.59-3.87). Moreover, compared with the initial two doses of vaccines, a booster dose did not induce additional or severe adverse events. The administration of the booster dose effectively recalled specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and increased antibody levels, especially in heterologous immunization. Considering the long-term immunogenicity and vaccine equity, we suggest that now, only individuals primed with inactivated vaccines require a booster dose.

Indexed as

boosterCOVID-19 vaccineheterologoushomologousimmunogenicitysafety

Identifiers

PMID35632554
PMCPMC9142990
OpenAlexW4280583884

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.