ArticlePharmaceutics2022
Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Enhanced the Synergistic Adjuvant Effect of CpG ODNs and QS21 in a Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E Subunit Vaccine.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bibliometric analysis and visualization mapping of herpes zoster vaccine publications from 1999 to 2024.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Toxicological evaluation of a synthetic QS-21 adjuvant in a tuberculosis vaccine candidate-Demonstrating safety and immunological equivalence to natural reference.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Next-generation vaccine adjuvants: Integrating nanotechnology, systems immunology, and computational approaches for precision vaccinology.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- A CpG 1018S/QS-21-Adjuvanted HBsAg Therapeutic Vaccine as a Novel Strategy Against HBV.Vaccines · 2025Article
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- Article
- A QS21+ CpG-Adjuvanted Rabies Virus G Subunit Vaccine Elicits Superior Humoral and Moderate Cellular Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Research Progress on Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Exploring the potential of saponins as adjuvants in lipid-nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Article
- From bark to bench: innovations in QS-21 adjuvant characterization and manufacturing.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development of semisynthetic saponin immunostimulants.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticles and its impact on the efficacy of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Truncated glycoprotein E of varicella-zoster virus is an ideal immunogen for Escherichia coli-based vaccine design.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Article
- mRNA vaccines: a new opportunity for malaria, tuberculosis and HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes two diseases: varicella upon primary infection and herpes zoster when latent viruses in the sensory ganglia reactivate. While varicella vaccines depend on humoral immunity to prevent VZV infection, cell-mediated immunity (CMI), which plays a therapeutic role in the control or elimination of reactivated VZV in infected cells, is decisive for zoster vaccine efficacy. As one of the most abundant glycoproteins of VZV, conserved glycoprotein E (gE) is essential for viral replication and transmission between ganglion cells, thus making it an ideal target subunit vaccine antigen; gE has been successfully used in the herpes zoster vaccine Shingrix
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.