Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35631557›Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2022

Citric Acid: A Multifunctional Pharmaceutical Excipient.

Maria Lambros, Thac Henry Tran, Qinqin Fei, Mike Nicolaou

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Review
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  10. Microbial Metabolism: Primary and Secondary Metabolites.Progress in molecular and subcellular biology · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
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  14. Acidifying agents impact erlotinib and gefitinib pharmacokinetic parameters and elevate liver enzymes in Wistar rats.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025
    Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Maria LambrosDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Thac Henry TranDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Qinqin FeiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Mike NicolaouDoric Pharma LLC, 5270 California Ave, Suite 300, Irvine, CA 92617, USA.
Western University of Health Sciences · US

Funding

Using Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles to Deliver Chemotherapeutic Agents against Pancreatic CancerR41CA247009 · NCI · DORICPHARMA LLC · PI LAMBROS, MARIA · 2020 to 2021
$454k
NCI NIH HHS R41 CA247009NIH HHS R41CA247009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Citric acid, a tricarboxylic acid, has found wide application in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry due to its biocompatibility, versatility, and green, environmentally friendly chemistry. This review emphasizes the pharmaceutical uses of citric acid as a strategic ingredient in drug formulation while focusing on the impact of its physicochemical properties. The functionality of citric acid is due to its three carboxylic groups and one hydroxyl group. These allow it to be used in many ways, including its ability to be used as a crosslinker to form biodegradable polymers and as a co-former in co-amorphous and co-crystal applications. This paper also analyzes the effect of citric acid in physiological processes and how this effect can be used to enhance the attributes of pharmaceutical preparations, as well as providing a critical discussion on the issues that may arise out of the presence of citric acid in formulations.

Indexed as

citratescitric acidco-amorphousco-crystalseffervescenceexcipientformulationlyophilizationproteolytic inhibitortaste masking

Identifiers

PMID35631557
PMCPMC9148065
OpenAlexW4225283867

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.