ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Pulmonary Targeting of Levofloxacin Using Microsphere-Based Dry Powder Inhalation.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- MC-NODE: A Mechanism-Decomposed Neural Differential Model for PLGA Microsphere Drug Release Prediction and Attribution.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery for Infectious Diseases: Cutting-Edge Formulations and Manufacturing Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Novel pH-responsive pectin-based hybrid smart hydrogels for in vitro drug release and in vivo wound healing applications.RSC advances · 2026Article
- From Bacterial Extract to Breakthrough Therapy:Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Development and Optimization of Myricetin Loaded Inhalable Microsphere to Treat COPD.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Development and Characterization of Spray-Dried Combined Levofloxacin-Ambroxol Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- QbD driven targeted pulmonary delivery of dexamethasone-loaded chitosan microspheres: Biodistribution and pharmacokinetic study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to develop poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loaded with the anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) fluoroquinolone, Levofloxacin (LVX), in the form of dry powder inhalation (DPI). LVX-loaded microspheres were fabricated by solvent evaporation technique. Central Composite Design (CCD) was adopted to optimize the microspheres, with desired particle size, drug loading, and drug entrapment efficiency, for targeting alveolar macrophages via non-invasive pulmonary delivery. Structural characterization studies by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the absence of any possible chemical interaction between the drug and the polymer used for the preparation of microspheres. In addition, the optimized drug-loaded microspheres exhibited desired average aerodynamic diameter of 2.13 ± 1.24 μm and fine particle fraction of 75.35 ± 1.42%, indicating good aerosolization properties. In vivo data demonstrated that LVX-loaded microspheres had superior lung accumulation, as evident by a two-fold increase in the area under the curve AUC
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.