ArticleNutrients2022
Association between Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide Levels and Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Control Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Plasma Concentrations and Renal Clearance of the Risk Marker Trimethylamine-N-Oxide in Patients With Type-2 Diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Gut microbiota-generated trimethylamineAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Trial
- Trimethylamine N-oxide in exercise physiology: a gut microbiota-derived signal linking metabolic stress, redox balance and cardiometabolic health.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and related metabolites and overall survival of high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a nested case-control study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Elevated plasma TMAO levels associated with all-cause mortality in CAD patients in South China.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Longitudinal metabolomics reveals dynamic associations of trimethylamine N-oxide and precursors with the progression of gestational diabetes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Microbiota-driven mechanisms in multisystem diseases: integrative evidence across cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and autoimmune disorders.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Article
- Can the Posterior Segment Findings of the Eye and Serum Microbiota Metabolites Be a Biomarker in Schizophrenia?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Integrating TMAO into the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes: a mini review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- NMR based human gut metabolomic profiling reveals altered metabolites associated with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- The Impact of Gut Microbial Metabolomics on Type 2 Diabetes Development in People Living with HIV.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Article
- Systematic Review on the Importance of Gut Microbiota in the Regulation of Type 2 Diabetes Through Physical Activity and Exercise.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- TMAO and diabetes: from the gut feeling to the heart of the problem.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Postbiotic Impact on Host Metabolism and Immunity Provides Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Disease.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- Blood plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and related metabolites and asthenozoospermia odds: a hospital-based matched case-control study in China.Human reproduction open · 2025Article
- Decoding TMAO in the Gut-Organ Axis: From Biomarkers and Cell Death Mechanisms to Therapeutic Horizons.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- The gut microbiota and aging: interactions, implications, and interventions.Frontiers in aging · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal and human studies have reported conflicting results on the relationship between circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and risk of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to compare plasma TMAO levels in people with or without T2D and explore the association of TMAO and T2D. A prospective case-control study of 297 participants, 164 healthy controls and 133 patients with T2D, was conducted. TMAO levels were quantified by UPLC-MS/MS. Comorbidities, dietary patterns, physical activity, and blood biomarkers were assessed. Median (IQR) plasma TMAO levels were significantly higher in diabetes cases (4.95 (2.84−8.35) µmol/L) compared to healthy controls (3.07 (2.05−4.82) µmol/L) (p < 0.001). The association between TMAO and T2D was significant in the non-adjusted Model 1 (p < 0.001) and after adjusting for confounders of diabetes including age, BMI, and level of education in Model 2 (p = 0.04). When the association was further adjusted for physical activity and diet in Model 3, plasma TMAO levels at only the highest quartile (>6.40 µmol/L) were associated with the risk of diabetes (OR = 3.36, 95% CI [1.26, 9.04], p = 0.02). The results presented suggest an association between plasma TMAO levels and T2D. A significant correlation was found between red meat consumption and increased levels of TMAO in T2D patients. A longitudinal study is warranted to further evaluate the correlation between TMAO and T2D.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.