ReviewNutrients2022
How Does the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program Work? A Theory of Change.
Review in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal Forests in Practice: Lessons on Detecting Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Healthy Food Subsidy Program in Canada.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Factors Associated with Produce Prescription Program Enrollment and Benefit Use among Patients with Diabetes and at Risk for Food Insecurity.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Observational
- Gut microbiome-mediated bioactive ingredients and health benefits of medicinal and edible fermented products: A comprehensive review.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Tackling the social determinants of childhood obesity in the United States: policy brief and lessons for developed and emerging economies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Structures and systems that promote nutrition security and climate adaptation in Puerto Rico: results from community-based system dynamics.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Preferences for food vouchers among adults with low incomes.Journal of hunger & environmental nutrition · 2025Article
- Advancing Equity in the Farm Bill: Opportunities for the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program (GusNIP).Nutrients · 2023Article
- How the Gus Schumacher Produce Prescription Program Works: An Adaptation of a Nutrition Incentive Theory of Change.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Differences in a Chain Supermarket's Sales to SNAP Shoppers Before and Since the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of nutrition education and behavior · 2023Article
- Experiences of conditional and unconditional cash transfers intended for improving health outcomes and health service use: a qualitative evidence synthesis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation of a Child Care Center-Based Produce Delivery Program.Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action · 2023Article
- Client experience of food assistance programs among adults in the United States: a qualitative evidence synthesis protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Improving Fruit and Vegetable Accessibility, Purchasing, and Consumption to Advance Nutrition Security and Health Equity in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Increased fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is associated with decreased risk of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Sociodemographic disparities in FV intake indicate the need for strategies that promote equitable access to FVs. The United States Department of Agriculture's Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program (GusNIP) supports state and local programs that offer nutrition incentives (NIs) that subsidize purchase of FVs for people participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). While a growing body of research indicates NIs are effective, the pathways through which GusNIP achieves its results have not been adequately described. We used an equity-focused, participatory process to develop a retrospective Theory of Change (TOC) to address this gap. We reviewed key program documents; conducted a targeted NI literature review; and engaged GusNIP partners, practitioners, and participants through interviews, workshops, and focus groups in TOC development. The resulting TOC describes how GusNIP achieves its long-term outcomes of increased participant FV purchases and intake and food security and community economic benefits. GusNIP provides NIs and promotes their use, helps local food retailers develop the capacity to sell FVs and accept NIs in accessible and welcoming venues, and supports local farmers to supply FVs to food retailers. The TOC is a framework for understanding how GusNIP works and a tool for improving and expanding the program.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.