ReviewMicroorganisms2022
Production of Indole and Indole-Related Compounds by the Intestinal Microbiota and Consequences for the Host: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly.
Review in Microorganisms, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indoxyl Sulfate and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Gut‑liver‑kidney axis: A systems biology framework for understanding and treating chronic kidney disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-driven indole-3-propionic acid and kynurenine production is associated with improved metabolic adaptation in periparturient dairy cows.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Elevated microbially-derived metabolites in autism: a possible diagnostic screening test for a distinct ASD phenotype.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Tracing NADCell reports · 2026Article
- Investigating the Kidney-Gut-Brain Axis in CKD: Uremic Toxins and Brain Microhemorrhages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Role of gut microbiota metabolites in maintaining intestinal health and preventing weaning-associated diarrhea in piglets.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-driven remodeling of fresh and oxidized edible oils revealed by integrated GC-MS and UPLC-HRMS/MS metabolomics.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Microbiota-derived metabolites as modulators of cancer immunotherapy response.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Cognitive Improvement and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Regulation byMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Comparative metabolomic assessment of bioconverted traditional and black wheat via the in vitro piglet digestion model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Microbiota-derived indole differentially shapes Entamoeba histolytica physiology and promotes host-compatible colonization.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Impact of chitosan supplementation on metabolomic profiles and microbial community dynamics in total mixed ration silage and rumen fluid.Animal bioscience · 2026Article
- Exploring the basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine in treating cardiovascular disease: insights into the microbiota-gut-heart axis.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Interplay of gut microbiota, immune cells and natural products in reshaping cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Host-microbial co-metabolites: from biogenesis to immunomodulation and implications for health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome-derived indoles differentially suppress type III secretion system-associated virulence inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Moderate increase in dietary fat induces alterations of microbiota and metabolome along the digestive tract prior to systemic metabolic changes: insights from a pig model.Gut microbes · 2025Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota metabolic activity towards the available substrates generates myriad bacterial metabolites that may accumulate in the luminal fluid. Among them, indole and indole-related compounds are produced by specific bacterial species from tryptophan. Although indole-related compounds are, first, involved in intestinal microbial community communication, these molecules are also active on the intestinal mucosa, exerting generally beneficial effects in different experimental situations. After absorption, indole is partly metabolized in the liver into the co-metabolite indoxyl sulfate. Although some anti-inflammatory actions of indole on liver cells have been shown, indoxyl sulfate is a well-known uremic toxin that aggravates chronic kidney disease, through deleterious effects on kidney cells. Indoxyl sulfate is also known to provoke endothelial dysfunction. Regarding the central nervous system, emerging research indicates that indole at excessive concentrations displays a negative impact on emotional behavior. The indole-derived co-metabolite isatin appears, in pre-clinical studies, to accumulate in the brain, modulating brain function either positively or negatively, depending on the doses used. Oxindole, a bacterial metabolite that enters the brain, has shown deleterious effects on the central nervous system in experimental studies. Lastly, recent studies performed with indoxyl sulfate report either beneficial or deleterious effects depending once again on the dose used, with missing information on the physiological concentrations that are reaching the central nervous system. Any intervention aiming at modulating indole and indole-related compound concentrations in the biological fluids should crucially take into account the dual effects of these compounds according to the host tissues considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.