ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
How Cell Geometry and Cellular Patterning Influence Tissue Stiffness.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed.
- AGP and EXO-LIKE genes promote brassinosteroid-dependent anisotropic growth.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- The mechanical properties ofScience advances · 2026Article
- Fibrous network nature of plant cell walls enables tunable mechanics for development.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- A space for time. Exploring temporal regulation of plant development across spatial scales.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- Modeling Arabidopsis root growth and development.Plant physiology · 2025Review
- The nonlinear mechanics of highly extensible plant epidermal cell walls.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Hidden functional complexity in the flora of an early land ecosystem.The New phytologist · 2024Article
- SEMAPL bioengineering · 2023Article
- Cell wall dynamics: novel tools and research questions.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Review
- Spatial consistency of cell growth direction during organ morphogenesis requires CELLULOSE SYNTHASE INTERACTIVE1.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Genome-wide identification of HD-ZIP gene family and screening of genes related to prickle development in Zanthoxylum armatum.The plant genome · 2023Article
- Article
- Plant Biomechanics-A Natural Transition from Molecular to Organ Scale.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Mechanosensing, from forces to structures.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Viscoelasticity during development: What is it? and why should you care?Seminars in cell & developmental biologyReview
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell growth in plants occurs due to relaxation of the cell wall in response to mechanical forces generated by turgor pressure. Growth can be anisotropic, with the principal direction of growth often correlating with the direction of lower stiffness of the cell wall. However, extensometer experiments on onion epidermal peels have shown that the tissue is stiffer in the principal direction of growth. Here, we used a combination of microextensometer experiments on epidermal onion peels and finite element method (FEM) modeling to investigate how cell geometry and cellular patterning affects mechanical measurements made at the tissue level. Simulations with isotropic cell-wall material parameters showed that the orientation of elongated cells influences tissue apparent stiffness, with the tissue appearing much softer in the transverse versus the longitudinal directions. Our simulations suggest that although extensometer experiments show that the onion tissue is stiffer when stretched in the longitudinal direction, the effect of cellular geometry means that the wall is in fact softer in this direction, matching the primary growth direction of the cells.
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