ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Elevation of Tear MMP-9 Concentration as a Biomarker of Inflammation in Ocular Pathology by Antibody Microarray Immunodetection Assays.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulations reveal shared mechanisms and myopia-specific targets of atropine in myopia and dry eye disease.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Pathological mechanisms of Sjögren's disease-related dry eye: from multiglandular dysfunction to ocular surface inflammation.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- A Pilot Study Profiling Aqueous Humor-Derived Exosomal MicroRNA in Primary Open-Angle and Exfoliation Glaucoma.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- From Proteome to miRNome: A Review of Multi-Omics Ocular Allergy Research Using Human Tears.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ocular social jetlag: a driver of immune-metabolic dysfunction in dry eye disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exploring biomarkers for keratoconus: current insights and future directions.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Validation of a rapid collagenase activity detection technique based on fluorescent quenched gelatin with synovial fluid samples.BMC biotechnology · 2024Article
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Bases, Predictive Biomarkers, Diagnostic Methods, and Therapeutic Options.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Serological Antibodies against Kidney, Liver, and Spleen Membrane Antigens as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Immune Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Neuroinflammation in the Evolution of Motor Function in Stroke and Trauma Patients: Treatment and Potential Biomarkers.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- Amphiregulin blockade decreases the levodopa-induced dyskinesia in a 6-hydroxydopamine Parkinson's disease mouse model.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Article
- A Pilot Study of a Panel of Ocular Inflammation Biomarkers in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Enzymes and Enzyme Inhibitors-Applications in Medicine and Diagnosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Clinical Tear Fluid Proteomics-A Novel Tool in Glaucoma Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Ability of Antibody against Truncated Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Peptide to Evaluate the Native Protein on Tear Drops of Dry Eye Disease Patients by a Point-of-Care Diagnostic System.Journal of current ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases are a family of enzymes fundamental in inflammatory processes. Between them, MMP-9 is up-regulated during inflammation; thus, its quantification in non-invasive fluids is a promising approach for inflammation identification. To this goal, a biomarker quantification test was developed for ocular inflammation detection using anti-MMP-9 antibody microarrays (AbMAs). After validation with eight healthy control tear samples characterized by ELISA, 20 samples were tested from individuals diagnosed with ocular inflammation due to: cataracts, glaucoma, meibomian gland dysfunction, allergy, or dry eye. Concentration values of tear MMP-9 were obtained for each sample, and 12 patients surpassed the pathological threshold (30 ng/mL). A significant elevation of MMP-9 concentration in the tears of glaucoma patients compared with healthy controls was observed. In order to evaluate the diagnostic ability, an ROC curve analysis was performed using our data, determining the optimal threshold for the test at 33.6 ng/mL of tear MMP-9. In addition, a confusion matrix was applied, estimating sensitivity at 60%, specificity at 88%, and accuracy at 68%. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the AbMAs system allows the quantification of MMP-9 in pathologies that involve inflammation of the ocular surface.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.