ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
The Promises of Natural Killer Cell Therapy in Endometriosis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in Cellular Immunity in Patients With Endometriosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Pooled it
- Natural Killer Cell Receptors and Endometriosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- CTLA4-Linked Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis and Related Infertility: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Superficial Peritoneal Endometriosis Beyond Surgical Diagnosis: A Narrative Review of Emerging Functional and Molecular Perspectives.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Targeting the Immune Network in Endometriosis: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Immunomodulation, and Emerging Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immune escape in endometriosis: mechanisms, reprogramming strategies, and precision interventions.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Review
- Is Recurrent Endometriosis a Reprogrammed Disease? Molecular Persistence Beyond Surgical Clearance.Cells · 2026Review
- Autophagy and Lysosomal Dysregulation in Endometriosis: Therapeutic Opportunities and Molecular Insights.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- An Immunomodulating Peptide With Potential to Counteract Endometriosis.The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology · 2026Article
- Endometriosis as a Systemic and Complex Disease: Toward Phenotype-Based Classification and Personalized Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From local lesion to multisystem disease: integrated crosstalk among the gut microbiota, immune system, and host metabolism in endometriosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Concentration of Macrophage-Derived IL-1α and IL-12 in the Peritoneal Fluid of Patients With Endometriosis: A Pilot Case-Control Study.International journal of inflammation · 2026Article
- A Multifunctional Molecular Probe for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Potent Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy of Endometriosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Immunopathological insights into endometriosis: from research advances to future treatments.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Immune System's Role in Endometriosis: Insights Into Pathogenesis, Pain, and Treatment.Cureus · 2025Review
- CD56-Positive NK Cells and CD138-Positive Plasma Cells in Basal Decidua of Term Placentas in Singleton Pregnancies After Assisted Reproductive Technology Treatment of Endometriosis-Related Infertility.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Understanding Deep Endometriosis: From Molecular to Neuropsychiatry Dimension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dysfunction of natural killer cells promotes immune escape and disease progression in endometriosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Natural Killer Cell Immune Checkpoints and Their Therapeutic Targeting in Cancer Treatment.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- The correlation between immune cells and endometriosis: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease defined by the growth of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus. The disease is present in approximately 5-10% of women of reproductive age and causes pelvic pain and infertility. The pathophysiology is not completely understood, but retrograde menstruation and deficiency in natural killer (NK) cells that clear endometriotic cells in the peritoneal cavity play an important role. Nowadays, hormonal therapy and surgery to remove endometriosis lesions are used as treatment. However, these therapies do not work for all patients, and hormonal therapy prevents patients from getting pregnant. Therefore, new treatment strategies should be developed. Since the cytotoxicity of NK cells is decreased in endometriosis, we performed a literature search into the possibility of NK cell therapy. Available treatment options include the inhibition of receptor-ligand interaction for KIR2DL1, NKG2A, LILRB1/2, and PD-1/PD-L1; inhibition of TGF-β; stimulation of NK cells with IL-2; and mycobacterial treatment with BCG. In preclinical work, these therapies show promising results but unfortunately have side effects, which have not specifically been studied in endometriosis patients. Before NK cell treatment can be used in the clinic, more research is needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.