ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Trauma-Directed Interaction (TDI): An Adaptation to Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Families with a History of Trauma.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) for Youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Meta-Analysis.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Pooled it
- Dynamic physiology-behavior association patterns in child welfare parents predict response to parenting intervention.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2025Trial
- Randomized trial of parent-child interaction therapy improves child-welfare parents' behavior, self-regulation, and self-perceptions.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2024Trial
- Treatment Outcomes of Children with Primary Versus Secondary Callous-Unemotional Traits.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of a Parent-Child Interaction Therapy-Based Trauma-Focused Interaction Module for Trauma-Exposed Children: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyTrial
- Time-out under scrutiny: examining the relationships among the discipline strategy time-out, child well-being and attachment and exposure to adversity.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap: a cross-cultural examination of PCIT training experiences across Black, White, Asian, and Multiracial clinicians.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Multidimensional Assessment of Parenting Scale: Youth Report Form in Inpatient and Partial Hospital Settings.Journal of child and family studies · 2025Article
- Behavior Management in Young Children Exposed to Trauma: A Case Study of Three Evidence-Based Treatments.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2023Article
- Clinical review: Implementation of trauma informed care to optimally impact the treatment of childhood obesity.Obesity pillars · 2023Article
- Enhancing attachment-based aspects of PCIT for young children with a history of maltreatment.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Evidence-Based Treatment in Practice: PCIT Research on Addressing Individual Differences and Diversity Through the Lens of 20 Years of Service.Psychology research and behavior management · 2023Review
- The Dissemination of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy in West Virginia during the Opioid Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is one of the strongest evidence-based treatments available for young children and their families. Research has supported the use of PCIT for children with a history of trauma; however, the treatment does not directly address trauma in the child. PCIT is a dyadic treatment; yet, the impact of the carer's trauma on the carer-child relationship is not assessed or incorporated into treatment. For these reasons, therapists, families, agencies, and funders tend to view PCIT as a trauma treatment with skepticism. PCIT therapists who currently address trauma within the intervention do so without a standardized approach. Trauma-Directed Interaction (TDI) is an adaptation developed to directly address these concerns. TDI maintains the key elements and theoretical underpinnings of PCIT while adding sessions to cover psychoeducation about trauma, carer response to a child's trauma reactions (SAFE skills), and coping skills to aid both the child and the carer to manage trauma activators (COPE skills). The TDI module creates a consistent strategy for PCIT therapists to address trauma, thus allowing research and replication which will advance the dual fields of PCIT and family trauma. The theoretical conceptualization of TDI is presented along with next steps in its evaluation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.