ReviewBiomedicines2022
Challenges and the Evolving Landscape of Assessing Blood-Based PD-L1 Expression as a Biomarker for Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapy.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- State of the Art of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic significance of blood-based PD-L1 analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers and factors in small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Soluble PD-L1 as a Prognostic Factor for Immunotherapy Treatment in Solid Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- A multi-task masked autoencoder with GAN-based augmentation for PD-L1 prediction from chest CT images.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Inflammatory-Molecular Clusters as Predictors of Immunotherapy Response in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Peripheral blood biomarkers in PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy: distinguishing predictive from prognostic biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From benchside avatars to bedside breakthroughs: Patient-derived organoids in the new era of cancer immunotherapy.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Oncological Biomarker Framework Guiding Precision Medicine.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Insights into the Mechanisms of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors Gained from Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Tumor Microenvironment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Programmed Cell Death Ligand as a Biomarker for Response to Immunotherapy: Contribution of Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis.Cancers · 2025Review
- Soluble immune checkpoints: implications for cancer prognosis and response to immune checkpoint therapy and conventional therapies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Soluble immune checkpoint factors reflect exhaustion of antitumor immunity and response to PD-1 blockade.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Observational
- Exploring potential predictive biomarkers through historical perspectives on the evolution of systemic therapies into the emergence of neoadjuvant therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Biomarkers for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Networks as Biomarkers: Uses and Purposes.Genes · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While promising, PD-L1 expression on tumor tissues as assessed by immunohistochemistry has been shown to be an imperfect biomarker that only applies to a limited number of cancers, whereas many patients with PD-L1-negative tumors still respond to anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. Recent studies using patient blood samples to assess immunotherapeutic responsiveness suggests a promising approach to the identification of novel and/or improved biomarkers for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the advances in our evolving understanding of the regulation and function of PD-L1 expression, which is the foundation for developing blood-based PD-L1 as a biomarker for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. We further discuss current knowledge and clinical study results for biomarker identification using PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells, exosomes, and soluble forms of PD-L1 in the peripheral blood. Finally, we discuss key challenges for the successful development of the potential use of blood-based PD-L1 as a biomarker for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.