ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2022
Intratumoral administration of STING-activating nanovaccine enhances T cell immunotherapy.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD8⁺ T Cell infiltration and spatial organization in cancer: mechanisms, barriers, and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Low-dose radiotherapy remodels the tumor immune microenvironment via the cGAS-STING pathway: mechanisms, challenges, and combination therapy strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- CD300ld blockade overcomes PMN-MDSC-mediated vaccine resistance in advanced tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Precision targeting of STING: Challenges, innovations, and clinical outlook for cancer therapy.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Nanosystem-Mediated Intercellular Crosstalk Modulation in the Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting VISTA as a novel immunotherapy for skin cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Next-generation nanomedicine for cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Targeting the osteosarcoma immune microenvironment for improved immunotherapy and translational applications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Bridging innate and adaptive tumor immunity: cGAS-STING pathway activation to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Demystifying the cGAS-STING pathway: precision regulation in the tumor immune microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Neoantigen enriched biomimetic nanovaccine for personalized cancer immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Brain tumors induce immunoregulatory dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes that can be targeted by OX40 agonist treatment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Targeting Antigen-Presenting Cells to Enhance the Tumor-Spleen Immunity Cycle through Liposome-Neoantigen Vaccine.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Clinical Translation Challenges and Strategies for Tumour Vaccines Considering Multiple Delivery Routes.Vaccines · 2025Review
- The cGAS‒STING pathway in cancer immunity: mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic implications.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Nano-Oncologic Vaccine for Boosting Cancer Immunotherapy: The Horizons in Cancer Treatment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exo-nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy: reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Nanomaterials Application for STING Pathway-Based Tumor Immunotherapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCancer vaccines are able to achieve tumor-specific immune editing in early-phase clinical trials. However, the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells into immune-deserted tumors is still a major limiting factor. An optimized vaccine approach to induce antigen-specific T cells that can perform robust tumor infiltration is important to accelerate their clinical translation. We previously developed a STING-activating PC7A nanovaccine that produces a strong anti-tumor T cell response on subcutaneous injection. This study systematically investigated the impact of administration methods on the performance of nanovaccines.
methodsTumor growth inhibition by intratumoral delivery and subcutaneous delivery of nanovaccine was investigated in TC-1 human papillomavirus-induced cancer model and B16-OVA melanoma model. Nanovaccine distribution in vivo was detected by clinical camera imaging, systemic T cell activation and tumor infiltration were tested by in vivo cytotoxicity killing assay and flow cytometry. For mechanism analysis, T cell recruitment was investigated by in vivo migration blocking assay, multiplex chemokine array, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, chemotaxis assay and gene knockout mice.
resultsNanovaccine administration was found to alter T cell production and infiltration in tumors. Intratumoral delivery of nanovaccines displayed superior antitumor effects in multiple tumor models compared with subcutaneous delivery. Mechanistic investigation revealed that intratumoral administration of the nanovaccine significantly increased the infiltration of antigen-specific T cells in TC-1 tumors, despite the lower systemic levels of T cells compared with subcutaneous injection. The inhibition of tumor growth by nanovaccines is primarily dependent on CD8
conclusionsOur results demonstrate that intratumoral administration of PC7A nanovaccine achieved stronger antitumor immunity and efficacy over subcutaneous injection. These data suggest intratumoral administration should be included in the therapeutic design in the clinical use of nanovaccine.
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