ReviewToxins2022
Biological Effects of Animal Venoms on the Human Immune System.
Review in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brief history of ophidiology and ophidism in Colombia.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity of two representative American consensus scorpion neurotoxins from the genera Tityus and Centruroides.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- The Need for and Importance of Thorough and Comprehensive Studies on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Animal Toxins, Venoms, and Antivenoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Unveiling the therapeutic journey of snail mucus in diabetic wound care.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Snake Venom Compounds: A New Frontier in the Battle Against Antibiotic-Resistant Infections.Toxins · 2025Review
- Biological poisons targeting the pituitary gland: insights across the five kingdoms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Snakebite Envenomation: A Brief Descriptive Review and Clinical Implications.Toxins · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense mechanism. Venoms affect different cells, cellular structures and tissues, such as skin, nervous, hematological, digestive, excretory and immune systems, as well as the heart, among other structures. Components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems can be stimulated or suppressed. Studying the effects on the cells and molecules produced by the immune system has been useful in many biomedical fields. The effects of venoms can be the basis for research and development of therapeutic protocols useful in the modulation of the immunological system, including different autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the understanding of biological effects of diverse venom on the human immune system and how some of their components can be useful for the study and development of immunomodulatory drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.