ArticleToxins2022
Phloretin Protects Bovine Rumen Epithelial Cells from LPS-Induced Injury.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phloretin as a functional feed bioactive in livestock: Biological role, biosynthesis, and practical applications.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Review
- Article
- Probiotics Modulate the Ruminal Microbiome and Metabolite Availability to Enhance Rumen Barrier Function and Growth Performance in Goats Fed a High-Concentrate Diet.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- The role of natural products targeting macrophage polarization in sepsis-induced lung injury.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Supplementation with Complex Phytonutrients Enhances Rumen Barrier Function and Growth Performance of Lambs by Regulating Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The characteristics, influence factors, and regulatory strategies of growth retardation in ruminants: a review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Targeting gut microbiota for diabetic nephropathy treatment: probiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- Protective Effects of Niacin on Rumen Epithelial Cell Barrier Integrity in Heat-Stressed Beef Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Short-term feed restriction induces inflammation and an antioxidant response via cystathionine-β-synthase and glutathione peroxidases in ruminal epithelium from Angus steers.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Effect of Slow-Release Urea Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal on Lactation Performance, Heat Shock Signal Molecules, and Rumen Fermentation in Heat-Stressed Mid-Lactation Dairy Cows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Blend of Cinnamaldehyde, Eugenol, and Capsicum Oleoresin Improved Rumen Health of Lambs Fed High-Concentrate Diet as Revealed by Fermentation Characteristics, Epithelial Gene Expression, and Bacterial Community.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that induces immune and inflammatory responses in the rumen epithelium of dairy cows. It is well-known that flavonoid phloretin (PT) exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity. The aim of this research was to explore whether PT could decrease LPS-induced damage to bovine rumen epithelial cells (BRECs) and its molecular mechanisms of potential protective efficacy. BRECs were pretreated with PT for 2 h and then stimulated with LPS for the assessment of various response indicators. The results showed that 100 µM PT had no significant effect on the viability of 10 µg/mL LPS-induced BRECs, and this dose was used in follow-up studies. The results showed that PT pre-relieved the decline in LPS-induced antioxidant indicators (T-AOC and GSH-PX). PT pretreatment resulted in decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CCL20) expression. The underlying mechanisms explored reveal that PT may contribute to inflammatory responses by regulating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and ERK1/2 (p42/44) signaling pathways. Moreover, further studies found that LPS-induced BRECs showed decreased expression of claudin-related genes (ZO-1, Occludin); these were attenuated by pretreatment with PT. These results suggest that PT enhances the antioxidant properties of BRECs during inflammation, reduces gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and enhances barrier function. Overall, the results suggest that PT (at least in vitro) offers some protective effect against LPS-induced ruminal epithelial inflammation. Further in vivo studies should be conducted to identify strategies for the prevention and amelioration of short acute rumen acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows using PT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.