ReviewToxins2022
The Role of Gut-Derived, Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in the Cardiovascular Complications of Acute Kidney Injury.
Review in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07182422 (Impact of Kremezin on Renal Recovery and Uremic Toxin Levels in Patients With Acute Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Kremezin on Renal Recovery and Uremic Toxin Levels in Patients With Acute Kidney Disease
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simultaneous quantification of total and free protein-bound uremic toxins in serum by LC-MS/MS: method development, validation, and clinical application in hemodialysis patients.BMC chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- The Gut Microbial Metabolite Indole-3-Acetic Acid Reprograms Systemic Homeostasis and Ameliorates IBD-Associated Cachexia Independent of Food Intake.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Early Administration of N-Acetylcysteine Provides Renal and Cardiac Mitochondrial and Redox Protection, Preventing the Development of Cardio-Renal Syndrome Type IV Induced by 5/6NX.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dynamic decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate associated with in-hospital mortality risk in acute ischemic stroke patients after endovascular therapy: evidence from a Chinese stroke center.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Acute kidney disease in mice is associated with early cardiovascular dysfunction.Renal failure · 2024Article
- The AKI-to-CKD Transition: The Role of Uremic Toxins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Organ Crosstalk in Acute Kidney Injury: Evidence and Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent disease encountered in the hospital, with a higher incidence in intensive care units. Despite progress in renal replacement therapy, AKI is still associated with early and late complications, especially cardiovascular events and mortality. The role of gut-derived protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) in vascular and cardiac dysfunction has been extensively studied during chronic kidney disease (CKD), in particular, that of indoxyl sulfate (IS), para-cresyl sulfate (PCS), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), resulting in both experimental and clinical evidence. PBUTs, which accumulate when the excretory function of the kidneys is impaired, have a deleterious effect on and cause damage to cardiovascular tissues. However, the link between PBUTs and the cardiovascular complications of AKI and the pathophysiological mechanisms potentially involved are unclear. This review aims to summarize available data concerning the participation of PBUTs in the early and late cardiovascular complications of AKI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.