ArticleToxins2022
Intramuscular Innervation of the Supraspinatus Muscle Assessed Using Sihler's Staining: Potential Application in Myofascial Pain Syndrome.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Novel Patient-Specific Landmark-Guided Approach for Intramuscular Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections Into the Rotator Cuff: A Cadaveric Study.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Positional Relationship Between the Orbicularis Oculi and Zygomaticus Complex Muscles by Ultrasonography: New Anatomical Insights for Crow's Feet Injection.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Botulinum neurotoxin injection for treating plunged nose and post-rhinoplasty: anatomical perspectives of depressor septi nasi, nasalis, leveator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Novel anatomical guidelines for botulinum neurotoxin injection in the mentalis muscle: a review.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Anatomical proposal of local anesthesia injection for median nerve block in treating hyperhidrosis with botulinum neurotoxin.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Guidance in botulinum neurotoxin injection for lower extremity spasticity: Sihler's staining technique.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Review
- Anatomical analysis of the intramuscular distribution patterns of the levator scapulae and the clinical implications for pain management.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Botulinum neurotoxin injection in the deltoid muscle: application to cosmetic shoulder contouring.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Novel anatomical proposal for botulinum neurotoxin injection targeting depressor anguli oris for treating drooping mouth corner.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Development and internal validation of a therapeutic effect predictive model for myofascial pain syndrome.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the positive effects of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection into the neural arborized area, there is no anatomical evidence in the literature regarding the neural arborization of the supraspinatus muscle. The present study aimed to define the intramuscular neural arborized pattern of the supraspinatus muscle using the modified Sihler's staining method to facilitate the establishment of safe and effective injection sites in patients with myofascial pain in the supraspinatus muscle. Seventeen supraspinatus muscles from 15 embalmed cadavers were dissected. Precise suprascapular nerve entry locations were also observed. Intramuscular neural arborization was visualized by Sihler's staining. The supraspinatus muscle was divided into four portions named A, B, C, and D. The nerve entry points were observed in 88.2% (15 of 17 cases) of section B and 76.5% (13 of 17 cases) of section C of the supraspinatus muscle, respectively. The concentration of intramuscular neural arborization was highest in section B of the supraspinatus muscle, which was the center of the supraspinatus muscle. When the clinician performs a trigger point and a BoNT injection into the supraspinatus muscle, injection within the medial 25-75% of the supraspinatus muscle will lead to optimal results when using small amounts of BoNT and prevent undesirable paralysis.
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